BACKGROUND Substantial increases in height have occurred concurrently with economic development in most populations during the last century. In high-income countries, environmental exposures that can limit genetic growth potential appear to have lessened, and variation in height by socioeconomic position may have diminished. The objective of this study is to investigate inequalities in height i...

I read with interest the short report by Bonnet et al. (1). It does not appear that the results were adjusted for potential age differences between the exposure groups. It would be helpful to know if there were any age differences between the right-handed, left-handed, and mixed-handed individuals. There are substantial cohort effects in handedness (2), with an increased acceptability of left-h...

This entry contains proofs for the textbook results about the distributions of the height and internal path length of random binary search trees (BSTs), i. e. BSTs that are formed by taking an empty BST and inserting elements from a fixed set in random order. In particular, we prove a logarithmic upper bound on the expected height and the Θ(n log n) closed-form solution for the expected interna...

Whilst the notion of path dependence features quite prominently in organisation and business history literature, its actual meaning and logic have remained vague and ambiguous. In order to advance a more precise understanding of the underlying logic we present a theoretical framework explaining how organisations become path-dependent. At its core are the dynamics of self-reinforcing mechanisms,...

We investigated the mobility and phase-partitioning of the fluorescent oxidized phospholipid analogue 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-Alexa647-ethanolamine (PGPE-Alexa647) in supported lipid bilayers. Compared to the conventional phospholipid dihexadecanoylphosphoethanolamine (DHPE)-Bodipy we found consistently higher diffusion constants. The effect became dramatic when immobile ...

This paper presents eMediator, a next generation electronic commerce server that demonstrates some ways in which AI, algorithmic support, and game theoretic incentive engineering can jointly improve the eeciency of ecommerce. First, its conngurable auction house includes a variety of generalized combinatorial auctions, price setting mechanism, novel bid types, mobile agents, and user support fo...

In bufferless networks the packets cannot be buffered while they are in transit; thus, once injected, the packets have to move constantly. Bufferless networks are interesting because they model optical networks. We consider the tree and leveled network topologies, which represent a wide class of network configurations. On these networks, we study many-to-one batch problems where each node is th...

We propose a general class of non-constant volatility models with dependence on the past. The framework includes path-dependent volatility models such as that by Hobson and Rogers and also path dependent contracts such as options of Asian style. A key feature of the model is that market completeness is preserved. Some empirical analysis, based on the comparison with standard local volatility an...

Abstract. We developed a setup for fully automated, high-frequency in situ monitoring system of the stable water isotope deuterium and 18O soil tree xylem. The was tested 12 weeks within an isotopic labeling experiment during large artificial sprinkling including three mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees. Our allowed one measurement every 12–20 min, enabling us to obtain about seven m...

The Walfisch model predicts the average path loss from a conceptualised model of the propagation environment in which propagation is assumed to take place over rows of buildings of equal height and spacing. The propagation loss is then separated into that resulting from free space wavefront spreading, multiple forward-diffraction past the rows of buildings and diffraction over the final rooftop...