The extracellular production of hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulfatase was demonstrated in all of the subspecies of Bacteroides fragilis tested with the exception of B. fragilis subsp. vulgatus. Elastase was found only in one strain of B. coagulans tested. This appears to be the first report of these enzyme activities in this genus. Additional enzymes found to be produced by certain members ot...

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy increases the risk of complications associated inflammation, which could lead to oxidative stress in placenta. Whether vaccination against COVID-19 has any effect is unclear. This study aimed analyze effects infection and on placenta extracellular DNA (ecDNA) umbilical cord plasma. Placenta samples from healthy uninfected unvaccinated control patients ...