It would be nice for both the woman and family and the attending obstetrician to anticipate a cesarean delivery on the basis of patient characteristics. The traditional method is to compute Bishop score based on dilatation, effacement, consistency and position. Other parameters that influence the success of induction of labor are maternal age, parity, BMI and amniotic fluid index. A study was c...

Infusing drugs directly into the brain is advantageous to oral or intravenous delivery for large molecules or drugs requiring high local concentrations with low off-target exposure. However, surgeons manually planning the cannula position for drug delivery in the brain face a challenging three-dimensional visualization task. This study presents an intuitive inverse-planning technique to identif...

Please ogies in Summary. — This paper examines public–private partnerships (PPPs) for development through the example of telecenters in two Indian states. How might a developmental state position itself with respect to civil society under a PPP model of service delivery? We find that each state’s political economy is reflected in its PPP strategy, but that in both states the emerging middle cla...

Venous air embolism (VAE) is the entrapment of air or medical gases into the venous system causing symptoms and signs of pulmonary vessel obstruction. The incidence of VAE during cesarean delivery ranges from 10 to 97% depending on surgical position or diagnostic tools, with a potential for life-threatening events. We reviewed extensive literatures regarding VAE in detail and herein described V...

Integrating recent years’ results and analyzing the VANET (Vehicular ad hoc networks), taking the important role of mobile nodes into account a vehicular opportunity route based on real-time information (VORI) is proposed. VORI uses mobile nodes to collect real time area information, and construct hot area for best inter-area selecting with the information to help delivery message. VORI is cons...

In 2010 a campaign for the reduction and preservation of low vertical emittance at the ESRF electron storage ring was undertaken: values between 20 and 30 pm have been dramatically reduced to 3.5 pm, even during beam delivery. This improvement is the result of an increased measurement precision provided by the recently upgraded beam position monitoring system, a new correction algorithm, a larg...

Since financial deregulation, retail banks have changed significantly, largely driven by a combination of technological advances and competition. A major area of change is in the role of branches in providing payment services. This role has come under increasing pressure from alternative delivery channels, such as automatic teller machines (ATMs) and on-line debit of accounts through electronic...

The delineation of the target volume for irradiation is a critical step in the radiotherapy process. Delivery of radiotherapy occurs over a fractionated course of many treatments. Variations in the position of the target volume may occur on a daily basis during treatment and so the procedure for defining the target volume on a single initial 'snapshot' computed tomography scan has been re-evalu...

Tomotherapy is the delivery of intensity modulated radiation therapy using rotational delivery of a fan beam in the manner of a CT scanner. In helical tomotherapy the couch and gantry are in continuous motion akin to a helical CT scanner. Helical tomotherapy is inherently capable of acquiring CT images of the patient in treatment position and using this information for image guidance. This revi...

the main objective of the present study was to formulate gastroretentive effervescent sustained release drug delivery systems of risperidone floating tablets with the help of methocel® k15, ethocel® standard 7fp premium, eudragit ® rs100 sustained release polymers to improve its safety profile, bioavailability and patient compliance. risperidone floating tablets were formulated by wet granulati...