The objective of this paper is to reinvestigate the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth by including foreign direct investment, capital and trade openness in Malaysia for the period of 1971-2012. The structural break unit root test is employed to investigate the stationary properties of the series. We have applied combined cointegration test to examine the relations...

The growing perception that the Internet is becoming an engine of global economic and social change has inspired both governments and intergovernmental agencies to accelerate the diffusion of the Internet around the globe via multimillion dollar programs and initiatives. Unfortunately, few empirical studies guide these initiatives. The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes that ...

The growing scarcity of water resources worldwide is conditioned not only by precipitation changes but also by changes to water use patterns; the latter is driven by social contexts such as capital intensity, trade openness, and income. This study explores the determinants of water use by focusing on the effect of trade openness on the degree to which water is withdrawn and consumed. Previous s...

Growth, Inequality and Poverty Relationships This paper examines the causal relationship between inequality and a number of macroeconomic variables frequently found in the inequality and growth literature. These include growth, openness, wages, and liberalisation. We review the existing cross-country empirical evidence on the effects of inequality on growth and the extent to which the poorest i...

Pakistan introduced a package of economic reforms consisting of liberalization, deregulation and privatization policies. The main focus of these reforms was on achieving macroeconomic stability and a reasonable rate of economic growth. Manufacturing sector is an important sector of the economy of Pakistan and contributes about 25% share in GDP. Agro-based industries have a special importance in...

The study investigates the causal link between trade openness and economic growth for four South Asian countries for period 1972-1985 and 1986-2007 to examine the scenario before and after the implementation of SAARC. Panel cointegration and FMOLS techniques are employed for short run and long run estimates. In 1972-85 short run unidirectional causality from GDP to openness is found whereas, in...

This paper decomposes and estimates the impact of foreign trade on economic growth evaluates relevance financial openness in relationship Nigeria using annual time series data between 1987 2020. The key findings are that although positively drives growth, effect is due largely to contribution non-oil export component long run short run. This, however, does not rule out fact import over or overa...

Based on the panel data for 2005-2011, the paper conducts an empirical analysis on the efficiency and its determinants of China's service outsourcing industry by using the three-stage DEA technique. The empirical results show that the production efficiency of the service outsourcing industry in the year of 2011 is 0.803 from Super-DEA model and 0.573 from standard DEA model. The too-small scale...

The regional and provincial divergence in China’s economic growth has attracted extensive and intensive attention, yet the measurement and research on the sources of the divergence is relatively inadequate. Why there is divergence across provinces? What elements have contributed to the divergence and how? Based on growth regression analysis and “counterfactual econometrics”, this paper construc...