BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the CO2 laser effects on root surfaces affected by periodontal disease in comparison to scaling and root planing for fibroblast attachment. METHODS Thirty single-rooted human teeth extracted because of advanced periodontal disease were included in this study. A total of 60 specimens, obtained from all selected teeth, were randomly assigned to 3 ...

In this paper, an image quality assessment technique based on defocus blur identification is proposed. Some representative image regions containing edge features are first extracted automatically. A histogram analysis based on the comparison of real and synthesized defocused regions is then carried out to estimate the blur extent. By iteratively changing the convolution parameters, the best blu...

In this paper we present a new microscopy configuration based upon temporal tracking of a secondary reflected speckle by imaging the speckle through properly defocused optics. The configuration is used to monitor three-dimensional (3-D) spontaneous contraction of rat cardiac muscle cells while achieving nanometer tracking accuracy at a rate of 30 frames per second (fps) without using interferom...

A unique type of quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma system was observed which consisted of monodisperse microspheres and their binary agglomerations (dimers). The particles and their dimers levitated in a plasma sheath at slightly different heights and formed two distinct sublayers. The system did not crystallize and may be characterized as a disordered solid. The dimers were identified based...

The field of computational photography, and in particular the design and implementation of coded apertures, has yielded impressive results in the last years. In this paper we introduce perceptually-optimized coded apertures for defocused deblurring. We obtain near-optimal apertures by means of optimization, with a novel evaluation function that includes two existing image quality perceptual met...

Diffusion has been used extensively in computer vision. Most common applications of diffusion have been in low level vision problems like segmentation and edge detection. In this paper a novel application of the linear diffusion principle is made for the estimation of depth using the properties of the real aperture imaging system. The method uses two defocused images of a scene and the lens par...

We describe the mapping of the optical transfer function (OTF) of an incoherent imaging system into a geometrical representation. We show that for defocused traditional and wavefront-coded systems the OTF can be represented as a generalized Cornu spiral. This representation provides a physical insight into the way in which wavefront coding can increase the depth of field of an imaging system an...

Ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) has been extensively applied using both x rays and electrons. The extension to atomic resolution has been elusive. This Letter demonstrates ptychographic electron diffractive imaging at atomic resolution, permitting identification of structure in a boron nitride helical cone at a resolution of order 1 Å, beyond that of comparative Z-contrast imag...