Abstract The complex relationship between the history of infectious diseases and social inequalities has recently attracted renewed attention. Smallpox so far largely escaped this revived scholarly scrutiny, despite its century-long status as one deadliest widespread all diseases. Literature demonstrated important differences rural urban communities, cities, but failed to address intra-urban di...

BACKGROUND Genotyping Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates allows study of dynamics of tuberculosis transmission, while geoprocessing allows spatial analysis of clinical and epidemiological data. Here, genotyping data and spatial analysis were combined to characterize tuberculosis transmission in Vitória, Brazil, to identify distinct neighborhoods and risk factors associated with recent tubercul...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the perceptions of women living in inner-city Winnipeg, Canada, about barriers, facilitators, and motivators related to their use of prenatal care. METHODS Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted in person with 26 pregnant or postpartum women living in inner-city neighborhoods with high rates of inadequ...

The concept of urban and the phenomenon of urbanization are somewhat new to human popu­ lations. In fact, compared to the entire history of human evolution, it has only been fairly recently that people have begun to live in relatively dense urban agglomerations. None the less, the speed at which societies have become urbanized is striking, and the extent to which societies of today are urbanize...

Sixty dropouts from hypertensive clinics were interviewed in depth to determine reasons for noncompliance. Waiting time and a poor doctor-patient relationship were the major reasons given. The average waiting time prior to examination by the doctor was 2.5 hours, and the average waiting time at the pharmacy was 1.8 hours. In contrast the average time spent with the doctor was 7.5 min. The poor ...

In the current study, the solid waste characterisation that belongs to Artvin city centre, which is located in East Black Sea Region of Turkey, were searched. The study has the feature of being the first study for the country of Artvin in terms of study. The field of study is composed of 7 neighborhoods and those can be separated into 3 groups as low, middle and high level of income. In this st...

execution of every planned program in cities has different process. process involves inhabitant's preferences, capacity of area or neighborhood, scale of people participation. after these strategies plans will prepared and executors apply them. planning in city scale considering potentials of area and participation of people is very important stage to eliminate undesirable appearances of c...