نتایج جستجو برای: d4 il and ii
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The retention, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of [C]octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) were studied in Fischer 344 rats after single and multiple exposures to 7, 70, or 700 ppm [C]D4. Subset groups were established for body burden, distribution, and elimination. Retention of inhaled D4 was relatively low (5–6% of inhaled D4). Radioactivity derived from [ C]D4 inhalation was widely distr...
The retention, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of [C]octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) were studied in Fischer 344 rats after single and multiple exposures to 7, 70, or 700 ppm [C]D4. Subset groups were established for body burden, distribution, and elimination. Retention of inhaled D4 was relatively low (5–6% of inhaled D4). Radioactivity derived from [ C]D4 inhalation was widely distr...
In an effort to delineate how specific molecular interactions of dopamine receptor ligand classes vary between D2-like dopamine receptor subtypes, a conserved threonine in transmembrane (TM) helix 7 (Thr7.39), implicated as a key ligand interaction site with biogenic amine G protein-coupled receptors, was substituted with alanine in D2 and D4 receptors. Interrogation of different ligand chemoty...
Govindaiah G, Wang T, Gillette MU, Crandall SR, Cox CL. Regulation of inhibitory synapses by presynaptic D4 dopamine receptors in thalamus. J Neurophysiol 104: 2757–2765, 2010. First published September 8, 2010; doi:10.1152/jn.00361.2010. Dopamine (DA) receptors are the principal targets of drugs used in the treatment of schizophrenia. Among the five DA receptor subtypes, the D4 subtype is of p...
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) regulates cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), i.e., secretion of cytokines and/or chemokines. Previous work showed that augmented arginase-II (Arg-II) and S6K1 interact with each other to promote endothelial senescence through uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Here we demonstrate eNOS-uncoupli...
The p110δ subunit of class IA PI3K modulates signaling in innate immune cells. We previously demonstrated that mice harboring a kinase-dead p110δ subunit (p110δ(KD)) develop spontaneous colitis. Macrophages contributed to the Th1/Th17 cytokine bias in p110δ(KD) mice through increased IL-12 and IL-23 expression. In this study, we show that the enteric microbiota is required for colitis developme...
Knockout (KO) of IL-6 has been shown to attenuate ANG II hypertension, and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) have been reported to contribute to the increase in IL-6 during acute ANG II infusion. This study determined whether that MR action is sustained with chronic ANG II infusion and whether it plays a role in mediating ANG II hypertension. ANG II infusion (90 ng/min) increased plasma IL-6 fro...
The adrenal gland secretes several cytokines, and cytokines modulate steroid secretion by this gland. In this study, a survey of cytokine production by H295R human adrenocortical cells demonstrated that these cells secreted IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and TNFalpha but not IL-5, IL-12, or interferon-gamma. IL-8 was the IL secreted at higher concentration. IL-8 secretion, its regulation, and ...
Febrile seizure is the most common seizure disorder of childhood. Of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 is defined as the first endogenous pyrogen.We designed this study to investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) situated at positions -31 (C/T), and -511 (C/T) of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) gene promoter and interleukin-1receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) gene variable number of t...
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