Though fiscal policies of central governments sometimes provide modest insurance against regional income shocks, this paper shows that pro-cyclical fiscal policy among provincial governments can easily overwhelm these stabilizing effects. We examine the cyclicality of budget items among provincial governments in eight federations, showing that own-source taxes are highly pro-cyclical and contra...

Cycling ewes with lesions placed in the anterior region of medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) showed no estrous behavior, but they all had ovulations and cyclical corpora lutea at physiological terms. Participation of the anterior region of MBH in control of sexual behavior was also supported by the experiments on castrated sheep implanted with 17-beta-estradiol into the area determined previously...

This paper studies the role of labor market institutions on unemployment and on the cyclical properties of job flows. We construct an intertemporal general equilibrium model with search unemployment and endogenous job turnover, and examine the consequences of introducing an unemployment benefit, a firing cost and a downward wage rigidity. The model is able to reproduce the main cyclical propert...

Most of the empirical work on investment is based on the existence of a relation between investment and the expected present val of marginal profits. Thus, in this paper we compute such a present value series, under various assumptions about demand and technology and examine its relation to investment. We find that variations in this present value series are, surprisingly, due more to variation...