We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR (Condensed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO−3 ) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NOx volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO2] (γ=[NO]/[NO2]) measured just above the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack. Maximum gas phase NOx volume fluxes, concentra...

Metal particles supported on oxide surfaces are used as catalysts for a wide variety of processes in the chemical and energy conversion industries. For catalytic applications, metal particles are generally formed on an oxide support by physical or chemical deposition, or less commonly by exsolution from it. Although fundamentally different, both methods might be assumed to produce morphological...

Certain bacteria and fungi have been associated with the oxidative degradation of hydrocarbons hydrocarbon derivatives in soil water contaminated by crude oil spilling these ecosystems. The binding affinity a sample on cysteine dioxygenase Bacillus subtilis was studied using computational methods. study aimed to validate claim efficient use this organism remediation determine selectivity compou...

in this study, a researching program is conducted by cyclic triaxial test to determine the post-cyclic behavior of bushehr carbonate sand retrieved from the north of the persian gulf, under anisotropic consolidation at 200 kpa confining pressure. the article compares the post-cyclic monotonic strength and excess pore water pressures generated after the test with the pre-cyclic monotonic results...

INTRODUCTION — Hydrocarbons are organic substances that contain carbon and hydrogen; they are liquid at room temperature [1] . All petroleum distillates (eg, kerosene, gasoline, mineral seal oils, and naphtha) are hydrocarbons; however, not all hydrocarbons are petroleum distillates. Hydrocarbons also often are mixed with agents that have systemic toxicity such as camphor, aniline dyes, heavy m...

Strained polycyclic oxetanes generated photochemically from the Diels-Alder adducts of cyclic dienes and enones undergo deep skeletal rearrangements under protolytic ring-opening conditions offering expeditious access to chlorohydrins and other products of unique skeletal topology.

abstract: this paper presents the results of pullout tests on uniaxial geogrid embedded in silica sand under monotonic and cyclic pullout forces. the new testing device as a recently developed automated pullout test device for soil-geogrid strength and deformation behavior investigation is capable of applying load/displacement controlled monotonic/cyclic forces at different rates/frequencies an...

A broadly applicable asymmetric synthetic strategy utilizing N-amino cyclic carbamate alkylation that provides access to the various stereochemical permutations of a common structural motif found in many polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols is described. The utility of this methodology is demonstrated through the first asymmetric total synthesis of the antiviral agent (+)-clusianone.

Studies of molecular structures at or near their equilibrium configurations have long provided information on their geometry in terms of bond distances and angles. Far-from-equilibrium structures are relatively unknown-especially for complex systems-and generally, neither their dynamics nor their average geometries can be extrapolated from equilibrium values. For such nonequilibrium structures,...

Liquid CBN (carbon-boron-nitrogen) hydrogen-storage materials such as 3-methyl-1,2-BN-cyclopentane have the advantage of being easily accessible for use in current liquid-fuel infrastructure. To develop practical liquid CBN hydrogen-storage materials, it is of great importance to understand the reaction pathways of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation in the liquid phase, which are difficult to discov...