Hypertrophic scars (HTS), the excessive deposition of scar tissue by fibroblasts, is one of the most common skin disorders. Fibroblasts derived from surgical scar tissue produce high levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). However, the molecular mechanisms for this phenomenon is poorly understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the mo...

In lung fibrosis tissue architecture and function is severely hampered by myofibroblasts due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and tissue contraction. Myofibroblasts differentiate from fibroblasts under the influence of transforming growth factor (TGF) β(1) but this process is also controlled mechanically by cytoskeletal tension. In healthy lungs, the cytoskeleton of fibroblasts i...

It is known that activities of adenylate cyclase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase are higher in brain tissue than in other tissues (1-3), and regulatory roles of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) on brain function have been reported by several workers (4-11). On the other hand, it has been observed that secretion of many kinds of hormones (12-17) and enzymes (18, 19) is s...

Cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction lead to compression of intramuscular arterioles, which, in turn, leads to their vasodilation (a process that may enhance blood flow during muscle activity). Although endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in compression-induced vasodilation, the mechanism whereby arterial compression elicits NO production is unclear. We cannulated isola...

This paper studies a general p-contractive condition of self-mapping T on X, where X ,d is either metric space or dislocated space, which combines the contribution to upper-bound dTx , Ty, x and y are arbitrary elements in weighted combination distances dx,y dx,Tx,dy,Ty,dx,Ty,dy,Tx, dx,Tx−dy,Ty dx,Ty−dy,Tx. The asymptotic regularity convergence Cauchy sequences unique fixed point also discussed...

finite affine groups are given by groups of translations and di-lations on finite cyclic groups. for cyclic groups of prime orderwe develop a time-scale (wavelet) analysis and show that for alarge class of non-zero window signals/vectors, the generatedfull cyclic wavelet system constitutes a frame whose canonicaldual is a cyclic wavelet frame.

in this paper we discuss on the fixed points of asymptotic contractions and boyd-wong type contractions in uniform spaces equipped with an e-distance. a new version ofkirk's fixed point theorem is given for asymptotic contractions and boyd-wong type contractions is investigated in uniform spaces.

There is evidence that nitric oxide (NO) is required for the normal increases in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction, but the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. We examined whether NO regulates glucose uptake during skeletal muscle contractions via cGMP-dependent or cGMP-independent pathways. Isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from mice were stimulated to ...

Contractile properties of rabbit tibialis anterior muscles were measured after eccentric contraction to investigate the mechanism of muscle injury. In the first experiment, two groups of muscles were strained 25% of the muscle fiber length at identical rates. However, because the timing of the imposed length change relative to muscle activation was different, the groups experienced dramatically...

Cyclic AMP affects microvascular smooth muscle contraction and growth. Therefore, it is important to elucidate mechanisms regulating cyclic AMP production in microvascular smooth muscle. In this study, we determined whether several signal transduction pathways regulate receptor-induced cyclic AMP in isolated preglomerular microvessels and microvascular smooth muscle cells. Preglomerular microve...