The auricularia larva of sea cucumbers and tornaria larva of acorn worms share striking developmental and morphological similarities. They are regarded as not only an archetype of the nonchordate deuterostome larva, but also an archetype of the origin of chordates. Here we report the characterization and spatial expression patterns of the BMP-2/4 genes of a hemichordate acorn worm (Pf-bmp2/4) a...

Taxonomic and biological aspects are presented on five species of shallow water holothurians from the Cayos Cochinos Biological Reserve-CCBR located on the northern Honduran shelf, western Caribbean at 16 degrees N, 86 degrees W. This article provides a taxonomic key of the recorded holothurians and morphometric/morphologic descriptions of their corresponding spicules. These five species belong...

Twenty four specimens of holothuroids recently received from the South African Environmental and Observation Network (SAEON), collected from off the south and west coasts of South Africa, are herein recorded and/or described. The specimens comprise eight nominal and one indeterminate species and represent both shallow-water and deep-sea forms, distributed from Plettenberg Bay to just north of L...

Thandar & Arumugam (2011), in their erection of the new dactylochirotid family Cucumellidae, inadvertently omitted to designate its type genus. This error is here rectified and Cucumella Heding (in Ludwig & Heding, 1935) is designated the type genus of the new family Cucumellidae to comply with the requirements of Article 61 of the International Code. Following Smirnov (2012), in his revised cl...

Sea cucumbers are worm-like, leathery bodied, benthic, marine organisms with a branched gonad. There over 900 species, and these capable of changing their mechanical state, regenerating small appendages, digestive tract. Additionally, sea possess both commercial therapeutical value. Furthermore, it is thought that the metabolites may give rise to The use in therapy can be traced back Ming dynas...

Abstract The NAC transcription factor is a type of plant-specific that can regulate plant salt tolerance, but the underlying mechanism unclear in grafted vegetables. H2O2 and ABA pumpkin rootstocks be transported to cucumber scion leaves, promoting stomatal closure improve tolerance cucumbers. Despite these observations, regulatory unknown. Here, our research revealed CmoNAC1 key regulates sign...

The purpose of the implementation this study was to determine entrepreneurial analysis sea cucumber fishermen in increasing income people Torosiaje Village, Popayato District, Pohuwato Regency. This uses qualitative methods with data collection procedures through interviews, observation and documentation. Based on results research discussion that has been carried out above, it is concluded Vill...