A combination of narrow range isoelectric focusing, electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and gel exclusion on Sephadex reveals the presence of at least 9, possibly 11 isoenzymes of phospholipase A in Naja naja (cobra) venom. Their isoelectric points range from pH 4.60 to 5.66 and their molecular weights from 8,500 to 20,200. The most abundant form (isoelectric point = pH 4.95) has been isolat...

Russell's viper bites are potentially fatal from severe bleeding, renal failure and capillary leakage. Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are attributed to these effects. In addition to specific antivenom therapy, endogenous inhibitors from snakes are of interest in studies of new treatment modalities for neutralization of the effect of toxins. Two major snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMP...

OBJECTIVE(S) Snake venoms contain complex mixture of proteins with biological activities. Some of these proteins affect blood coagulation and platelet function in different ways. Snake venom toxin may serve as a starting material for drug design to combat several pathophysiological problems such as cardiovascular disorders. In the present study, purification of anticoagulation factor from venom...

Viper venoms from the Elapidae, Hydrophiidae, Atractaspididae, Viperidae and Colubridae families contain at least 25 separate classes of biologically active compounds [1]. Nomenclature standardization of these molecules by structure and function have been reported for prothrombin activators [2; 3]. No such agreement has been made for the nomenclature and classification of disintegrins which, fo...

Venoms are a rich source of potential lead compounds for drug discovery, and descriptive studies venom form the first phase biodiscovery process. In this study, we investigated pharmacological crude Pseudocerastes Eristicophis snake venoms in haematological disorders cancer treatment. We assessed their antithrombotic using fibrinogen thromboelastography, gels with without protease inhibitors, c...

Cone snails are remarkable for the extent and diversity of gene-encoded peptide neurotoxins that are expressed in their venom apparatus. The protein content of the crude toxin extract of Conus figulinus Linneaus was found to be 1900 μg/mL. The crude extract (dilution up to 10) expressed hemolytic activity. The crude extract subjected to gel filtration chromatography yielded 60 fractions; the fr...

RESEARCH PAPERS Proteins A study of the relaxation parameters of a '3C-enriched methylene carbon and a 13C-enriched perdeuteromethylene carbon attached to chymotrypsin Dissociation of lethal toxicity and enzymic activity of notexin from Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian-tiger-snake) venom by modification of tyrosine residues A novel one-step purification of human a-thrombin after direct ac...