نتایج جستجو برای: critics ideas

تعداد نتایج: 90766  

2007
Huaiyu Zhu Richard Rohwer

| Neural networks are usually curved statistical models. They do not have nite dimensional suucient statistics, so on-line learning on the model itself inevitably loses information. In this paper we propose a new scheme for training curved models, inspired by the ideas of ancillary statistics and adaptive critics. At each point estimate an auxiliary at model (exponential family) is built to loc...

2010
David W. Bates

Hannah Arendt’s existential, republican concept of politics spurned Carl Schmitt’s idea that enmity constituted the essence of the political. Famously, she isolated the political sphere from social conflict, sovereign regimes, and the realm of military violence. While some critics are now interested in applying Arendt’s more abstract political ideas to international affairs, it has not been ack...

2004
Ronald Mahler

The author introduced the key ideas of finite-set statistics (FISST) between 1994 and 1996, as a means of theoretically unifying the major aspects of information fusion under a single probabilistic umbrella. FISST has been considerably extended and refined since that time, especially in regard to the development of principled approximation strategies. For the last several years FISST has been a...

2011
Kosuke Imai Dustin Tingley Teppei Yamamoto Erin Hartman Adam Glynn

Experimentation is a powerful methodology that enables scientists to empirically establish causal claims. However, one important criticism is that experiments merely provide a black-box view of causality and fail to identify causal mechanisms. Specifically, critics argue that although experiments can identify average causal effects, they cannot explain the process through which such effects com...

This paper conducts a historical analysis of the meaning and aims Reconceptualism in viewpoint of Pinar et al, including methodology and critics related to it in curriculum field from 1960s to 2010s.  For this means, 25 papers and 4 books of Pinar et al were studied by methods of document and textual analysis through an analytical-critical approach. Critiques of Wraga and Hlebowitsh as alternat...

1994
M. STOLZE

Traditionally critiquing messages in Domain Oriented Design Environments are presented as text in a window to which all critics send their message. In this paper alternative methods for presenting critiquing messages in a direct manipulation style will be discussed. Critics which change the shape of the cursor, indicate relations of objects, change the visible properties of the objects, modify ...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد - دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دکتر علی شریعتی 1393

this study aimed at examining the effects of iranian efl learners’ anxiety, ambiguity tolerance, and gender on their preferences for corrective feedback (cf, henceforth). the effects were sought with regard to the necessity, frequency, and timing of cf, types of errors that need to be treated, types of cf, and choice of correctors. seventy-five iranian efl students, twenty-eight males and forty...

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