the present study aims to investigate the relative effectiveness of different types of pragmatic instruction including two collaborative translation tasks and two structured input tasks with and without explicit pragmatic instruction on the production of apologetic utterances by low-intermediate efl learners. one hundred and fifty university students in four experimental groups and one control ...

The importance of mathematics literacy and problem solving has been emphasized by researchers (e.g., De Corte, Greer, & Verschaffel, 1996; Goldman, Hasselbring, & the Cognition and Technology Group at Vanderbilt, 1997; Patton, Cronin, Bassett, & Koppel, 1997) and in national reports (e.g., National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2000; National Education Goals Panel, 1997). Although ...

This article reports on teacher trainees’ ability in doing a critical analysis of an extract English teaching materials from gender perspective. The was prompted using textbook that generated two issues, namely woman-man relationship and the position women occupational discourse. participants were 38 trainees enrolled subject Department college regional Indonesia. research data results mid-term...

Critical thinking is considered important in the field of education due to its possible effects on language learning. Therefore, the reasons behind the success and failure of language learners have provoked researchers to examine different aspects of the language learning process. Moreover, improving learners’ critical thinking ability in the course of learning will enable students to rely on t...

critical thinking is considered important in the field of education due to its possible effects on language learning. therefore, the reasons behind the success and failure of language learners have provoked researchers to examine different aspects of the language learning process. moreover, improving learners’ critical thinking ability in the course of learning will enable students to rely on t...

we studied the effects of using reflective action approach (raa) on critical thinking of students and teachers. the research method was a semi-experimental and factorial design (2×2). the subjects were 93 students from tabriz teachers education colleges of which 46 students and teachers (24 female and 22 male) formed the experimental group to receive raa and 47 students and teachers (25 female ...