The antioxidants in food materials have recently attracted researchers' attention because many reports have shown that the oxidative stress is closely related to the aging process of the cells and acts as a trigger to various diseases including cancer. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in initiating and promoting several diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular events, this stud...

Background: Infectious diarrhoea is an emergent problem in both developing and developed countries for high rates of mortality in infants. In recent years, drug resistance to microbial pathogens has been commonly reported from all over the world. Medicinal plants represent a rich source of antimicrobial agents. Plants are used medicinally in different countries especially in India and are a sou...

Background: Crinum purpurascens is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. We aimed to evaluate the antisalmonellal properties of the leaf extracts and fractions of C. purpurascens, and the toxicity of the most active extract. Methods: Three extracts and three fractions were prepared from the leaves of Crinum purpurascens Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) and tested for their antisalmon...

The well-known fig-fig wasp and yucca-yucca moth mutualisms are classic examples of obligate mutualisms that have been shaped by millions of years of coevolution. Pollination systems involving obligate seed parasites are only expected to evolve under rare circumstances where their positive effects are not swamped by abundant co-pollinators and heavy costs resulting from seed destruction. Here, ...