Healthy women with normal menstrual cycles were randomly assigned to use either a test tampon during cycle 1 and a reference tampon during cycle 2 or a reference tampon during cycle 1 and a test tampon during cycle 2. Tampons were identical except for their cover materials: apertured film for the test tampon and nonwoven fleece for the reference tampon. Product use was doubly blinded. Qualitati...

Automatic test data generation from a software specification prepares test cases for software developers before their code development phase. Having test cases before coding, helps the developers to control their code to conform to the specification. In state-based specifications, paths from the initial state to the final state may be varied, this is called parallel paths. In order to generate ...

Landownership is an important form of wealth, especially in a natural-resource dependent region such as the Black Belt of Alabama. We examine the connection between property ownership, land cover, and the wellbeing of communities in Macon County, Alabama. This study is an exploratory application of geographic information systems to integrate information from property tax assessment records, lan...

Land cover mapping is important for regional and urban plannings. Most of the digital remote sensing based mappings use conventional classification techniques which are limited in their ability to define a wide variety of the existing types of land cover. The objective of this paper is to analyze the potential of fuzzy logic and artificial neural network approaches to produce land cover maps of...

Abstract The objective of current research is to investigate distribution patterns of vegetation types and its relation with environmental factors in southern margin of Haj Aligholi Kavir of Damghan. Three vegetation types including Halecnemum strobilaceum, Sedlitzia rosmarinus and Artemisia sieberi were studied in marginal arid regions and uplands of the study area. Firstly, geographic locat...

The vertex cover problem is a classical NP-complete problem for which the best worstcase approximation ratio is 2−o(1). In this paper, we use a collection of simple graph transformations, each of which guarantees an approximation ratio of 3 2 , to find approximate vertex covers for a large collection of randomly generated graphs and test graphs from various sources. The graph reductions are ext...

Question: We present a general structural carbon nutrient balance hypothesis parallel to Bryant et al.’s defensive chemistry hypothesis. Our hypothesis suggests that because herb species require a lower investment of carbon per unit length of stem than do woody plants, herbs should be at a competitive advantage where the leaf area of plants in the ground layer is limited by light (or fixed carb...