Models of market microstructure tell us that a spread is necessary to compensate market makers for order processing costs, inventory risk, and adverse selection. Since entry into market making is relatively easy on the Nasdaq dealer market, and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) specialist faces competition from public liquidity suppliers as well as from regional exchanges, competition should a...

We study experimentally how players learn to make decisions if they face many different (normal–form) games. Games are generated randomly from a uniform distribution in each of 100 rounds. We find that agents do extrapolate between games but learn to play strategically equivalent games in the same way. If either there are few games or if access to information about the opponents’ behavior is ea...

Intuitive access to information in real environments is a challenge for Information Society Technologies. Having this in mind, a new device for Mixed Reality applications called Virtual Showcase has been developed. It has been conceived to be used in museums and exhibitions, due to its compatibility with traditional museum showcases, offering additional information to the public by means of a s...

Managing workflows is becoming increasingly flexible on both the conceptual and the technical level. However, workflow flexibility has to be accompanied by comprehensive access to information and the processing of it. Validating compliance is a still disregarded but crucial aspect though in flexible workflows where a lot of information is processed. In this contribution, a novel prototype named...

Should democracts value the freedom to choose? Do people value facing distinct choices when they make collective decisions? ‘Autonomy’ – the ability to participate in the making of collective decisions – is a paltry notion of freedom. True, democrats must be prepared that their preferences may not be realized as the outcome of the collective choice. Yet democracy is impoverished when many peopl...

Resource Federations aim at providing access to information and communication technology (ICT) resources across the boundaries of administrative domains. This is of interest today as modern societies are concerned about ICT infrastructure energy consumption and need to improve the way ICT resources are provisioned and maintained. This paper describes a concept and prototype implementation for r...

This study explores awareness and visitation of e-government websites among techno-disadvantaged citizens in the United States. Following up on on a community-based initiative, designed to stimulate computer literacy and access to information and communication technologies for residents and neighbors of an underserved public housing community, a survey of egovernment website awareness and visit...

Many countries throughout the world are undertaking some forms of decentralization by shifting fiscal, political, and administrative responsibilities to lower levels of government. Decentralization is driven by unique circumstances in each setting. In some countries it is linked to recent democratization, while in others it is spurred by the failure of central government to deliver basic public...

Scattering probe particles from a quantum system can provide experimental access to information about the system’s state. However, measurement backaction and momentum transfer during scattering changes the state of the system, potentially destroying the state we wish to probe. Here we investigate how to probe the system’s initial state even in the presence of backaction and momentum transfer. W...

Virtual Communities (VCs) offer ubiquitous access to information and exchange possibilities for people in similar situations. This is especially valuable for patients with chronic / life-threatening diseases as they have strong needs for information and interaction with peers. It is seldom considered possible to create VCs systematically. Grounded on previous findings, systematic design of the ...