In work related to the electrocatalysis of the CO2 reduction reactions, we recently reported in This Journal the structure and composition of a Cu(100) electrode surface, pre-dosed at low levels of O2(g) to simulate a Cu electrocatalyst unprotected from air, before and after immersion in alkaline electrolyte at fairly negative potentials to ascertain if an oxide-to-metal reduction reaction can ...

The electroreduction of tris(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate has been investigated by polarography, cyclic voltammetry, coulometry, and esr. A mechanism for the reduction based on an initial two-electron transfer followed by cleavage of the oxygen-carbon bond is proposed. The cleaved nitrophenyl rings condense to give 4,4'-dinitrobiphenyl as a product during controlled-potential reduction. lthough the...

Severe anemia, which commonly occurs in patients with chronic renal failure, usually results from deficient production of erythropoietin. Other causative factors, i.e., iron deficiency, frequently contribute to the anemia, especially in patients on chronic hemodialysis. This has led to the almost routine use of intravenous iron-dextran. Recently, recombinant erythropoietin has been used in the ...

The phthalodinitrile derivative (3) was prepared by the reaction of 4,4'-(octahydro-4,7-methano-5H-inden-5-ylidene)bisphenol (1) and 4-nitrophthalonitrile (2) with dry DMF as the solvent in the presence of the base K(2)CO(3) by the method of nucleophilic substitution of an activated nitro group in an aromatic ring. The template reaction of 3 with the corresponding metal salts gave the novel bi-...

Since electron-transfer reactions are so important in biological systems, information which can be obtained in respect to the energy levels (electrical potentials) and reaction pathways involved should be helpful in the understanding, control and utilization of such reactions. Polarographically determinded half-wave potentials ( and electrode reaction paths or mechanisms readily provide such da...

Urea is one of the final products of protein metabolism. In clinical analysis and dairy industry urea is a very significant parameter as excess in blood serum from its permissible range causes dysfunction of the kidney. Hence, its analysis is significant and is carried out frequently in various laboratories [1, 2]. Urea is an omnipresent compound present in blood and various organic fluids. It ...

Deprotonation of 1-arylimidazoles (aryl = mesityl (Mes), 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (Dipp)), with n-butyl lithium afforded the corresponding derivatives (1-aryl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)lithium (1a, Ar = Mes; 1b, Ar = Dipp) in good yield. Reaction of 1a with 0.5 equiv. of [Ir(cod)(μ-Cl)]2 yielded two geometrical isomers of a doubly C2,N3-bridged dinuclear complex [Ir(cod){μ-C3H2N2(Mes)-κC2,κN3}]2 (3), 3H-H,...