Billions of LEDs are used today in traffic control, automotive headlights, flat panel display technology, mobile devices, back lighting, projection and general illumination applications. With the dramatic growth in LEDs, manufacturers are looking for technologies to increase production yield and decrease cost. Sapphire wafer singulation into miniature dies is one of the critical steps used in b...

Visual map features like streets, rail tracks, or rivers do not provide enough space to visualize multiple attributes on them. Related approaches to solve space issues distort the map with lenses, apply distortion techniques to the map geometry, or employ three dimensional visualizations. All these techniques come at the cost of distortion or overlapping of relevant map features or they even pr...

High-power laser cutting is extensively used in many industrial applications.The quality of a laser-made cut is of the utmost importance in laser processing. Any improvements in this area would be of considerable significance, in that it would lead to an elimination of post-machining operations. Although there have been numerous techniques developed over the years, currently there are few appro...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the performance of fine and cutting needles in computed tomography guided-biopsy of lung lesions suspicious for malignancy and to determine which technique is the best option for a specific diagnosis. METHODS This retrospective study reviewed the data from 362 (71.6%) patients who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy and from 97 (19.7%) patients who underwent cutting...

Value Engineering (VE) techniques based on function have been the means to improved products and processes for several decades. It is a social design methodology that is usually episodic in application and often confused with narrow interests, such as cost cutting. This paper addresses the role, or function, of VE in a larger model of design practice to give insight into its use, non-use and mi...

17-4PH stainless steel is a martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel that provides an outstanding combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, good toughness in both base metal and welds, and short time, low-temperature heat treatments that minimize warpage and scaling. This valuable alloy is widely used in the aerospace, nuclear, chemical, pet...

In current research, artificial neural network (ANN) and Multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) have been used for the prediction multi optimization of end milling operation. Cutting speed, feed rate, depth cut, material density hardness considered as input variables. The predicted values optimized results obtained through ANN MOGA are compared with experimental results. A good correlation ha...