We report on the prenatal diagnosis, genetic studies, and pathology of a case with de novo isochromosome 13q. A 31-year-old primigravida was referred for genetic counselling at 26 weeks' gestation due to the sonographic findings of intrauterine growth retardation and microcephaly. Level II ultrasonograms further demonstrated alobar holoprosencephaly, hypotelorism, polydactyly, a ventricular sep...

A 44-year-old man with Down’s syndrome and neurogenic bladder which required a suprapubic catheter presented with fever and change in his urine color for one day. Physical examination revealed a temperature of 38.3°C, blood pressure of 60/30 mmHg, pulse rate of 120/min and urine with purple discoloration in the urine catheter and bag (Figure 1). A urine dipstick test indicated the presence of l...

BACKGROUND Pertussis is a highly communicable, vaccine-preventable respiratory disease. Although the largest number of reported cases is among young infants, the most rapidly increasing incidence in the USA is in adolescents and young adults. Importantly, adult family members are the likely major reservoir, infecting susceptible infants before completion of childhood vaccination. We studied mat...

INTRODUCTION Today, perinatal audit focuses basically on cases of perinatal mortality. In most centres in Western Europe, perinatal mortality is low. Identification of metabolic acidosis at birth may increase index cases eligible for evaluation of perinatal care, and this might improve quality of perinatal audit. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of metabolic acidosis at birth in...

Fetal growth is a complex process that depends on the genetic makeup of the fetus, the success of the implantation process, the availability of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, intrauterine insults (e.g., hypoxia, cigarette smoking, infection), maternal nutrition, and a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and proteins of maternal and fetal/placental origin (see refs. 1, 2 for reviews). In t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diethylenetriamine penta acetic acid (99mTc-DTPA), a substance which indicates glomerular filtration, is distributed equally in blood and tissue after a bolus intravenously injection. Ambulatory Renal Monitor (ARM) is a portable and non invasive device which monitors extracorporeally the clearance of intravenously injected 99mTc-DTPA. We examined correlation between half-...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B is inflammation of the liver caused by a Hepatitis B virus, having a parenteral mode of entry and infecting millions of people around the world. OBJECTIVE The present study was planned to assess the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in women of reproductive age in Hazara in order to promote disease prevention in the perinatal period by vaccination against Hepatitis B. SUB...

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to evaluate the relationship between umbilical cord arterial blood lactate levels with acid base balance to the mode of delivery and short-term neonatal outcome in a large multiracial population delivering at term in University of Malaya Medical Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two thousand two hundred and twelve patients of more than 37 weeks of gestation with singleto...

OBJECTIVES To address the practical problems of routine umbilical cord blood sampling, to determine the ranges for pH, PCO2 and base deficit and to examine the relationships of these parameters between cord vessels. DESIGN An observational study of umbilical cord artery and vein blood gas results. SETTING A large district general hospital in the UK. SUBJECTS One thousand nine hundred and ...

BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma has marked tendency to spread into renal vein, inferior vena cava and right side of heart. Extension of tumour thrombus into these veins will alter the surgical approach. We have compared the CT scan with Colour flow Doppler ultrasound in detecting venous tumour thrombus in renal vein and inferior vena cava. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 30 adult ...