Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) will require a ‘value chain’ that links global beneficiaries to local actions towards high carbonstoring land use patterns. The value chain includes: effectively reducing emissions, a shift in development pathways and all ‘transaction costs’ to make a transparent, verifiable claim on emission reductions that can obtain ‘credits’ and m...

the main purpose of the study is to examine the causal relationship between government revenues and expenditures of the jordan government over the period from 1990 to 2011 using granger causality and vecm tests methodology. which provides channels of causation between government revenues (gr) and government expenditures (ge).the empirical results show that bidirectional causality running betwee...