Background: Tobacco consumption is still considered as the first preventable cause of death in the world. In order to influence tobacco policy process, researchers and policymakers must use frameworks of policy-making to understand the process to provide them insights for influence the process. This systematic review aims to review the application of policy analysis framework...

We consider a continuous-review inventory model for a retailer who faces deterministic demand but whose supplier is unreliable. The supplier experiences “wet” and “dry” (operational and disrupted) periods whose durations are exponentially distributed. The retailer follows an EOQ-like policy during wet periods but may not place orders during dry periods; any demands occurring during dry periods ...

– This paper derives a good approach to approximating the expected inventory level per unit time for the continuous review perishable inventory system. Three existing approximation approaches are examined and compared with the proposed approach. Three stockout cases, including the full backorder, the partial backorder, and the full lost sales cases, which customers or material users generally u...

Based on the real-world inventory control problem of a capacitated healthcare apparel service centre in Hong Kong which provides tailor-made apparel-making services for the elderly and disabled people, this paper studies a partial backordered continuous review inventory control problem in which the product demand follows a Poisson process with a constant lead time. The system is controlled by a...

The inventory system under consideration consists of one central warehouse and an arbitrary number of retailers controlled by a continuous review inventory policy (R;Q). Independent Poisson demands are assumed with constant transportation times for all retailers and a constant lead time for replenishing orders from an external supplier for the warehouse. Unsatis ed demands are assumed to be los...

This paper is concerned with the optimal control of a production inventory system with time-varying deteriorating items. It is assumed that the deterioration rate follows the two parameters generalized exponential distribution. The continuous review policy is investigated. The optimality conditions are derived using Pontryagin maximum principle. The optimal total cost, the optimal inventory lev...

This paper investigates the impact of setup cost reduction on an inventory policy for a continuous review mixture inventory model involving controllable backorder rate and variable lead time with a service level constraint, in which the order quantity, setup cost, and lead time are decision variables. Our objective is to develop an algorithm to determine the optimal order quantity, setup cost, ...

Recently, reinforcement learning with deep neural networks has achieved great success in challenging continuous control problems such as 3D locomotion and robotic manipulation. However, in real-world control problems, the actions one can take are bounded by physical constraints, which introduces a bias when the standard Gaussian distribution is used as the stochastic policy. In this work, we pr...

A fuzzy random model of Combined Location Routing and Inventory Problem (CLRIP) has been presented with continuous review inventory policy in B2C distribution environment for the first time. Demands of customers and distribution centers are uncertain and have been assumed to be fuzzy random variables. To solve the model, first the expected value of fuzzy random variable and the possibilistic me...