During ice-age cycles, continental ice volume kept pace with slow, multi-millennial scale, changes in climate forcing. Today, rapid greenhouse gas (GHG) increases have outpaced ice-volume responses, likely committing us to > 9 m of long-term sea-level rise (SLR). We portray a context of naturally precedented SLR from geological evidence, for comparison with historical observations and future pr...

1.01 The debt crisis, or perhaps more accurately, debt cancer 1 that has spread across Africa in the last decade, needs little introduction. Much has already been said about the causes, consequences and costs economic, social, human and ecological of that affliction and about the structural adjustment and economic reform measures which have been taken to cope with it on a continental scale. The...

Angel sharks of the genus Squatina represent a group comprising 22 extant benthic species inhabiting continental shelves and upper slopes. In the present study, a comprehensive phylogenetic reconstruction of 17 Squatina species based on two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S rRNA) is provided. The phylogenetic reconstructions are used to test biogeographic patterns. In addition, a molecular clo...

UK undergraduates spend less time on higher education and feel less well-prepared for work immediately after graduation than those in most other European countries. UK employers provide more training and give more attention to the assessment and supervision of their graduate employees than in most other countries on the European continent (Brennan, 2008a). Yet it can also be argued that UK grad...

We tested for correlations in the degree of spatial similarity between algal and terrestrial plants communities along 5500 km of temperate Australian coastline and whether the strength of correlation weakens with increasing distance from the coast. We identified strong correlations between macroalgal and terrestrial plant communities within the first 100 km from shore, where the strength of the...

Lisbon is grandly celebrating the Darwin anniversaries, but to the east in Turkey things are different.

Although water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas, it is not even agreed whether an increase in its concentration due to global warming will cause more warming or cooling. Warming (a positive feedback) will occur if the biggest effect is to absorb more outgoing long-wave radiation. Cooling (a negative feedback) will occur if the major result is to form more clouds, which would reflect m...