Research in student knowledge and learning of science has typically focused on explaining conceptual change. Recent research, however, documents the great degree to which student thinking is dynamic and context-sensitive, implicitly calling for explanations not only of change but also of stability. In other words: When a pattern of student reasoning is sustained in specific moments and settings...

A BSTRA CT The tree bank is an important resources tbr MT and linguistics researches, but it requires that large number of sentences be annotated with syntactic information. It is time consuming and troublesome, and dil'ficult to keep consistency, if' annotation is done manually. In this paper, wc presented a new technique for the semi-automatic tagging of Chinese tcxt. The system takes as inpu...

This paper discusses the development of an Arabic Symbol Dictionary for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) users, their families, carers, therapists and teachers as well as those who may benefit from the use of symbols to enhance literacy skills. With a requirement for a bi-lingual dictionary, a vocabulary list analyzer has been developed to evaluate similarities and differences i...

Algol 68 is considerably more difficult to learn than Pascal, partly due to the unusual terminology of Algol 68, which has not been widely accepted. The defining document of Algol 68 is much more elaborate and precise than the Pascal Report, but is also much more difficult to understand than the shorter and less formal Pascal document. This applies, in particular, to the two-level context-sensi...

* We present visualization and layout algorithms that can enhance informal storytelling using personal digital data such as photos in a face-to-face social setting. In order to build a more intuitive browser for retrieval, navigation and story-telling, we introduce a novel optimized layout technique for large image sets, which respects (context-sensitive) mutual similarities as visualized on a ...

XQuery is a DBPL for querying XML databases. The semantics of XQuery is context sensitive and requires preservation of document order. In this paper, we propose, as far as we are aware, the first XQuery fusion that can deal with both the document order and the context of XQuery expressions. More specifically, we carefully design a context representation of XQuery expressions based on the Dewey ...

The main challenge in an effort to build a realistic system with context-sensitive inference capabilities, beyond accuracy, is scalability. This paper studies this problem in the context of a learning-based approach to context sensitive text correction – the task of fixing spelling errors that result in valid words, such as substituting to for too, casual for causal, and so on. Research papers ...

A system is described for acquiring a contextsensitive, phrase structure g rammar which is applied by a best-path, bot tom-up, deterministic parser. The grammar was based on English news stories and a high degree of success in parsing is reported. Overall, this research concludes that CSG is a computationally and conceptually tractable approach to the construction of phrase structure g rammar f...

Higher-order grammars have been extensively studied in 1980’s and interests in them have revived recently in the context of higher-order model checking and program verification, where higher-order grammars are used as models of higher-order functional programs. A lot of theoretical questions remain open, however, for unsafe higher-order grammars (grammars without the so-called safety condition)...

The heterogeneous, dynamic nature of ubiquitous environments necessitates that all system components that form part of a personalisation framework should be context aware. Personalised service delivery requires that the system must detect and interpret device modality contexts in real time and provide automated adaptation on behalf of the user. Towards this aim, this paper presents the design a...