Apical constriction is a cell shape change that promotes tissue remodeling in a variety of homeostatic and developmental contexts, including gastrulation in many organisms and neural tube formation in vertebrates. In recent years, progress has been made towards understanding how the distinct cell biological processes that together drive apical constriction are coordinated. These processes inclu...

MARKED secondary constriction exists in a mitotic chromosome of A Drosophila melanogaster (BRIDGES 1927; HEITZ 1933). It was found by KAUFMANN (1933) to be in the left arm of the second chromosome. It is not associated with a nucleolus-forming region (KAUFMANN 1934). In prophase stages, the parts of the chromosome adjoining the constriction may be widely separated, sometimes by almost the width...

Speech-training systems providing visual feedback of vocal tract shape are found to be useful for improving vowel articulation. Estimation of vocal tract shape, based on LPC and other analysis techniques, generally fails during stop closures, due to low signal energy and unavailability of spectral information. A technique has been investigated for the estimation of place of constriction during ...