The use of bandwidth smoothing techniques for the delivery of prerecorded compressed video has been shown to be an effective technique in reducing the network bandwidth requirements needed to play back video. Any fixed allocation scheme can affect the ability to allow for VCR functions. In this paper, we examine the impacts that bandwidth smoothing techniques have on the delivery of stored vide...

In this paper, we study a production-inventory systems with finite production capacity and fixed setup costs. The demand process is modeled as a mixture of a compound Poisson process and a constant demand rate. For the backlog model we establish conditions on the holding and backlogging costs such that the average-cost optimal policy is of (s, S)-type. The method of proof is based on the reduct...

In this paper an attempt is made to Study behavior of the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) as used to adapt a Fractionally Spaced Equalizer (FSE).It is illustrated below using simple examples. Some important conclusions are then drawn from these examples: (1) in the presence of noise or channel under modeling, proper initialization may be necessary to successfully equalize the channel, and (2) ...

In this paper a deterministic inventory model is developed when the deterioration is constant. Demand rate is a function of selling price and holding cost is taken as time dependent. The model is solved allowing shortage in inventory. The results are solved with the help of numerical example by using Mathematica 5.1. The sensitivity analysis of the solution has done with the changes of the valu...

This paper is concerned with optimal production rates for a failure-prone machine that produces two distinct part types. We consider the problem of controlling production rates so as to minimize the expected long-run average cost of product surpluses over time. We assume constant per unit holding and shortage costs and constant demand rates for the part types. We provide an expression for the p...

In general, traditional production-inventory systems are based on a number of simplifying – but somewhat unrealistic – assumptions, including constant demand rate, constant holding cost, and instantaneous order replenishment. These assumptions have been individually challenged in numerous variations of production-inventory models. Finite production rate models, such as economic production quant...

BACKGROUND Vaccination programs often organize subsidies and public relations in order to obtain high uptake rates and coverage. However, effects of subsidies and public relations have not been studied well in the literature. In this study, the demand function of pneumococcal vaccination among the elderly in Japan is estimated, incorporating effects of public relations and subsidy. METHODS Us...

This paper evaluates three component commonality strategies in supply chain environment: Distinctive Part (DP), Pure Component Commonality (PCC), and Mixed Component Commonality (MCC) strategies. DP is where all products consist of distinctive parts and no common component is used, while PCC is where one or more parts from different products are completely replaced by common components. In MCC,...

One important reason for imposing tolls on roadways is to help reduce traffic congestion by giving an incentive to drivers to carpool, drive at non-toll times, or to seek alternate routes. While there are correlations between traffic volumes and toll rates, many other factors also influence driver decisions, including gas prices, availability of alternate routes, road construction, family incom...

In order to ascertain the effects of different carbon sources (methanol, glucose, starch and NaHCO(3)) on denitrification in BESs, the experiment was conducted in a constant current, 3.5 of chemical oxygen demand to nitrate ratio in a greenhouse. Among the four carbon sources investigated in BESs, NaHCO(3) showed the highest nitrite accumulation and the ratio of soluble microbial products to so...