When participants are asked to provide confidence judgments for each provided alternative in a multiple-choice memory task, such judgments are inflated if the assessed alternatives are accompanied by an implausible (dud) alternative. This finding, termed the dud-alternative effect, has been recently documented in a memory setting with a lineup procedure (Charman, Wells, & Joy, Law & Human Behav...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Empirical studies with objective measures and control conditions have failed to demonstrate disorganization; yet people tend to self-report disorganization in their trauma narratives, which may have other effects. Thus, we investigated whether a disorganized trauma memory produces more analogue PTSD symptoms and memory distortion, compared to an organized memory. MET...

We examined the effect of cognitive factors on the development of automaticity in a complex task. Participants (n = 24) performed a luggage screening task where we manipulated stimulus mapping (consistent vs. varied), frame size (small vs. large), memory set size (1 vs. 4) and time constraint, and examined their effects on participants' sensitivities, criterion shifts and confidence. Results re...

Older adults are assumed to have poor destination memory-knowing to whom they tell particular information-and anecdotes about them repeating stories to the same people are cited as informal evidence for this claim. Experiment 1 assessed young and older adults' destination memory by having participants tell facts (e.g., "A dime has 118 ridges around its edge") to pictures of famous people (e.g.,...

Working memory serves as an essential workspace for the mind, allowing for the active maintenance of information to support short-term cognitive goals. Although people can readily report the contents of working memory, it is unknown whether they might have reliable metacognitive knowledge regarding the accuracy of their own memories. We investigated this question to better understand the core p...

Equations for prorating the Wechsler Memory Scale--III (WMS-III) Index scores were derived and validated on a sample of 252 mixed clinical cases. Regression equations were performed using age-scaled scores as predictors and the sum of age-scaled scores for Immediate Memory (IM) and General Memory (GM) as the criteria. Including Logical Memory and Verbal Paired Associates with either Faces or Fa...

objective: memory impairment is one of the most pervasive cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenic patients. the aim of the current study was to conduct the most comprehensive assessment of how prospective memory (pm) is affected in schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls. methods: in this study, 30 first-episode schizophrenic patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of the diagn...