In mesoscopic systems, conductance fluctuations are a sensitive probe of electron dynamics and chaotic phenomena. We show that the conductance of a purely classical chaotic system, with either fully chaotic or mixed phase space, generically exhibits fractal conductance fluctuations unrelated to quantum interference. This might explain the unexpected dependence of the fractal dimension of the co...

Revealing the mechanisms of electronic transport through metal-molecule interfaces is of central importance for a variety of molecule-based devices. A key method for understanding these mechanisms is based on the study of conductance versus molecule length in molecular junctions. However, previous works focused on transport governed either by coherent tunnelling or hopping, both at low conducta...

We have mechanically fabricated Au, Ag, and Cu nano contacts in solution under the electrochemical potential control. At the hydrogen evolution potential, fractional conductance peaks appeared near 0.5 G0 (G0=2e/h) in the conductance histogram of Au and Cu. This fractional conductance peak was not observed in the conductance histogram of Ag. In the case of Au nano contacts in 50 mM H2SO4 soluti...

The experimental variation in conductance that can be expected through dynamically evolving Au-molecule-Au junctions is approximated using molecular dynamics to model thermal fluctuations and a nonequilibrium Green's function code (Hückel-IV 2.0) to calculate the charge transport. This generates a statistical set of conductance data that can be used to compare directly with experimental results...

The conductance for CO(2) diffusion in the mesophyll of leaves can limit photosynthesis. We have studied two methods for determining the mesophyll conductance to CO(2) diffusion in leaves. We generated an ideal set of photosynthesis rates over a range of partial pressures of CO(2) in the stroma and studied the effect of altering the mesophyll diffusion conductance on the measured response of ph...

In this paper we derive bounds on the conductance and hence on the spectral gap of a Metropolis algorithmwith amonotone, log-concave target density on an interval ofR. We show that the minimal conductance set has measure 1 2 and we use this characterization to bound the conductance in terms of the conductance of the algorithm restricted to a smaller domain. Whereas previous work on conductance ...

In simple electrical flow problems the Dirichlet integral of the potential function gives the electrical conductance. Moreover the Dirichlet integral of an arbitrary function satisfying the boundary condition gives an upper bound for the conductance. This last property (Dirichlet's principle) does not hold if the boundary value problem is not self-adjoint. This paper develops new algorithms for...

Hydraulic conductance exerts a strong influence on many aspects of plant physiology, namely: transpiration, CO2 assimilation, growth, productivity or stress response. However we lack full understanding of the contribution of root or shoot water transport capacity to the total water balance, something which is difficult to study in trees. Here we tested the hypothesis that whole plant hydraulic ...

We have studied the adsorption of mercaptopropionic acid, 2,2'-bipyridine, and dopamine onto electrochemically fabricated Cu nanowires. The nanowires are atomically thin with conductance quantized near integer multiples of 2e(2)/h. Upon molecular adsorption, the quantized conductance decreases to a fractional value, due to the scattering of the conduction electrons by the adsorbates. The decrea...

We have measured the conductance of single-molecule junctions created with three different molecular wires using the scanning tunneling microscope-based break-junction technique. Each wire contains one of three different cyclic five-membered rings: cyclopentadiene, furan, or thiophene. We find that the single-molecule conductance of these three wires correlates negatively with the resonance ene...