Template Method Pattern (see [5]) solves the problem of the existence of a generic algorithm for a family of classes that needs specialization in each and every concrete class. It does so by implementing the algorithm in the base class and by forwarding implementation details to (pure) virtual functions. In terms of [5] these forwarding functions are called primitive. In this paper we propose a...

This paper proposes a new type of lightweight concrete called bubble concrete, which was developed by mixing with high-strength hollow bodies. In the present study, concave and spherical steel bodies were used not only to form multiple cavities in but also transfer internal stresses. Through compression tests, shape effects distribution on strength Young’s modulus investigated. addition, mechan...

To encounter the issues of waste materials, low tensile strength concrete and environmental impacts cement production, research is needed to develop a sustainable concrete. This study has endeavored investigate effects using recycled coarse aggregates (RCA), various types wastewater effluents, fly ash, glass fibers on mechanical durability behavior aggregate (RAC) incorporating with ash (FGRAC)...

This article proposes hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (HFRC) mixed with polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA) and polypropylene steel (FST) as a wall construction material to improve the bearing capacity durability of frozen shaft lining structures in deep alluvium. According stress characteristics engineering environment lining, strength, impermeability, freeze–thaw damage, corrosion resistance are t...

Abstract Concrete has been known to the world be one of most crucial components a developing country but there some downsides environment in making concrete. Mixing concrete needs water, fine aggregates, coarse and cements as main component. Cement is cause disadvantages normal mixing because cement production, it will emit lot carbon dioxide environment. The emission atmosphere proven problems...

Solidia CementTM is a non-hydraulic cement composed primarily of low-lime containing calcium silicate phases such as wollastonite / pseudowollastonite (CaO·SiO2), and rankinite (3CaO·2SiO2). This contrasts the high-lime alite (3CaO·SiO2), belite (2CaO·SiO2), tricalcium aluminate (3CaO·Al2O3), tetracalcium aluminum ferrite (4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3), and gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) phases that comprise ordinary...

This study investigated the properties of fine recycled aggregates (FRA), with a view to enhancing their for structural concrete applications. The explored several approaches including mixing; curing; systematic screening FRA particles below 1.18 mm reduce adhered cement paste (ACP) content; and use fly ash as 30% replacement modify microstructure concrete. To test these approaches, two series ...

The compaction of concrete is carried out with a vibrating device or using an awl. One solution in facing problems to use the Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) method also called self-flowing concrete. This study aims obtain mixture formula / composition laboratory-scale SCC-making materials that meet SCC acceptance criteria. mixing by trial and error referring values Flowability, Workability, Pas...

To verify the damping improvement by replacing partial sand with rubber powder in concrete process, this study investigated effects of (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) on mechanical properties micromechanism polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber-reinforced concrete. In addition, order to discuss its performance, free vibration test was conducted. Microstructure analyses were conducted scanning electron microsco...

The quality of an aggregate in a concrete mixture is one the factors that affect concrete. Geographically, Payakumbuh City and District 50 cities are passed by several rivers where river's products used local community as building material. This research uses quantitative approach, method experiment. results this study found average compressive strength normal fc was 19.3 Mpa at age 14 days usi...