BACKGROUND Roberts syndrome (Pseudothalidomide) is a rare birth defect that causes severe bone malformation complex. The bones of the arms, and in some cases other appendages, may be extremely shortened and even absent. The fingers of the hands may be fused. An extreme case results in the absence of the upper bones of both the arms and legs so that the hands and feet appear attached directly to...

Abstract Approximately 125 years ago, a group of pathologies now known as Chiari malformations was described for the first time. However, some mechanisms its formation still remain unknown. A bibliographic survey performed through search in PubMed. In 1938, it already theorized that an increase spinal cord tension could be cause malformation type 1 (CM1) tonsillar herniation. 1953, condition an...

Introduction: Dilated odontoma is the most severe form of a dens invaginatus, which rare dental malformation resulting from an invagination enamel organ into papilla before calcification occurs. Observation: A healthy 7-years-old girl was referred to oral surgery department remove impacted causing delayed eruption right mandibular lateral incisor (tooth 42). The patient painless and lingual oss...

Dandy-Walker malformation is a rare congenital malformation and involves the cerebellum and fourth ventricle. The condition is characterized by agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle, and enlargement of the posterior fossa. A large number of concomitant problems may be present, but the syndrome exists whenever these three features are found. A...

BACKGROUND Suprasellar cavernous malformation in the optic pathway is not commonly encountered. To date, there are only few reports present in the literature. CASE DESCRIPTION The authors report a rare case of suprasellar optic pathway cavernous malformation in a 33-year-old female who presented with progressive visual loss. Her imaging revealed a large heterogeneous, hyperintense, hemorrhagi...

Angiographically occult cerebrovascular malformation (AOVM) is a type of complex cerebrovascular malformation that is not visible on digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Vascular malformation coexisting with glioma is clinically rare, and glioma coexisting with AOVM is even more rare. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report glioma coexisting with AOVM in the lit...

Multimodal cancer therapy for pediatric head and neck tumors may be associated with significant developmental orofacial morbidity. This report details these effects in a child (C.I.) diagnosed at 2.5 years of age with a rhabdomyosarcoma, primary to the left buccinator. This case is of interest as C.I. has an unaffected identical twin (D.I.) for comparative study. Both were assessed by comparing...