We show how in the standard electroweak model three $SU(2)_L$ Nambu monopoles, each carrying electromagnetic (EM) and Z- magnetic fluxes, can merge (through Z-strings) with a single $U(1)_Y$ Dirac monopole to yield composite that only carries EM flux. Compatibility quantization condition requires this carry six quanta ($12 \pi /e$) of charge, independent mixing angle $\theta_w$. The is not regu...

‎in this paper some properties of weak regular injectivity for $s$-posets‎, ‎where $s$ is a pomonoid‎, ‎are studied‎. ‎the behaviour‎ ‎of different kinds of weak regular injectivity with products‎, ‎coproducts and direct sums is considered‎. ‎also‎, ‎some‎ ‎characterizations of pomonoids over which all $s$-posets are of‎ ‎some kind of weakly regular injective are obtained‎. ‎further‎, ‎we‎ ‎giv...

In this paper, we compute the Laplacian spectrum of non-commuting graphs of some classes of finite non-abelian groups. Our computations reveal that the non-commuting graphs of all the groups considered in this paper are L-integral. We also obtain some conditions on a group G so that its non-commuting graph is L-integral.

With the development of information and communications technology, user-generated content and crowdsourced data are playing a large role in studies of transport and public health. Recently, Strava, a popular website and mobile app dedicated to tracking athletic activity (cycling and running), began offering a data service called Strava Metro, designed to help transportation researchers and urba...

Let P={Pij; i, j=l, 2, ... , r} be the transition matrix of a stationary, regular Markov chain C with r states and a={ai; i=l, 2, ... , r} be its limiting vector which represents the stationary distribution of the chain. Suppose that there is another regular Markov chain C' with the transition matrix pI ={p;j} and the limiting vector a' ={a;}. If pI is close to P, we can expect that a' is also ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the longitudinal associations between active commuting (walking and cycling to work) and body mass index (BMI). METHOD We used self-reported data on height, weight and active commuting from the Commuting and Health in Cambridge study (2009 to 2012; n=809). We used linear regression to test the associations between: a) maintenance of active commuting over one year and ...

BACKGROUND Promoting daily routine activities, such as active commuting to school, may have important health implications for young people. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to examine the secular trend of active commuting to school in Spanish adolescents over a 6-year period (2001-2002 to 2006-2007). We also examined several factors that might explain this trend. METHODS Data comes from two...

Human mobility is a key component of large-scale spatial-transmission models of infectious diseases. Correctly modeling and quantifying human mobility is critical for improving epidemic control, but may be hindered by data incompleteness or unavailability. Here we explore the opportunity of using proxies for individual mobility to describe commuting flows and predict the diffusion of an influen...

BACKGROUND Active commuting is a good opportunity to accumulate physical activity (PA) across the lifespan that potentially might influence central body fat. We aimed to examine the prospective associations of active commuting at 11, 15 and 18 years of age with central body fat at 18 years. METHODS Participants were part of a large birth cohort study in Pelotas, Brazil (n = 3,649 participants...

We assessed commuting patterns in adolescents from 10 European cities and examined associations with physical activity (PA). A total of 3112 adolescents were included. PA was objectively measured with accelerometry. Commuting patterns and overall PA were self-reported using questions from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for adolescents (IPAQ-A). Adolescents reported t...