AIM This study evaluated the prevalence of the chewing side preference (CSP) in the deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-hundred subjects were divided in three groups (n = 100): Group 1 - children with deciduous dentition; group 2-children with mixed dentition; group 3 - subjects with permanent dentition. The CSP was determined using a direct method (visual o...

In this paper we define a combination of Object-Z and CSP called CSP-OZ. The basic idea is to define a CSP-semantics for every Object-Z class. Special care is taken to capture the characteristics of input and output parameters properly and to preserve the expected refinement rules. CSP-OZ is well suited for the specification and development of communicating distributed systems. It provides powe...

Classifying different electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns is one of the key components to designing a usable Brain Computer Interface (BCI). Although it is well known that Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a strong classifier, it does not replace simple Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) or Nearest Neighbor Classifier (NNC), which are still in use in current BCI systems. This paper presents a com...

Unsupervised manifold learning for dimensionality reduction has drawn much attention in recent years. This paper applies two manifold learning methods for the first time to feature dimensionality reduction in brain-computer interface (BCI) design, and compares them with principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised PCA that is mathematically equivalent to the common spatial patterns (CSP) m...

Collaborative brain-computer interfaces (cBCIs) have recently been used to enhance human performance in decision making [1-3]. For instance, [2,3] estimated the confidence of each user in each decision from a combination of neural common spatial patterns (CSP) features and response times (RTs), and used this estimate to weigh individual responses and obtain superior group decisions. In this abs...

Background and Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common chronic diseases and the leading cause of death in the world and in Iran. The aim of this study was to explore the geographical epidemiology of CVDs in the province of Zanjan, Iran.  Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Patients with adischarge dia...

In recent years, portfolio approaches to solving SAT problems and CSPs have become increasingly common. There are also a number of di erent encodings for representing CSPs as SAT instances. In this paper, we leverage advances in both SAT and CSP solving to present a novel hierarchical portfolio-based approach to CSP solving, which we call Proteus, that does not rely purely on CSP solvers. Inste...