In 1999, the United States Army instituted a new career-progression pattern for its officers. This pattern assigns, or designates, Army officers to specialized roles in which they must serve. Such roles include, for example, foreign area officer and operations research analyst. Manually designating officers into these roles under the new system is impossible because the problem is very large. W...

This study explores the impact of the Effective Practices in Community Supervision (EPICS) model on offender perceptions of their collaborative working relationships with supervising probation or parole officers. The data in this study was collected as part of an EPICS project at the University of Cincinnati. The results examine the nature and quality of offender perceptions of their probation ...

Photo-ID is widely used in security settings, despite research showing that viewers find it very difficult to match unfamiliar faces. Here we test participants with specialist experience and training in the task: passport-issuing officers. First, we ask officers to compare photos to live ID-card bearers, and observe high error rates, including 14% false acceptance of 'fraudulent' photos. Second...

This paper presents findings from a randomized field-training experiment designed to study the impact TASERs on police officers’ use-of-force decisions. Officers were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (with TASERs) or a control group (without TASERs) and then participated in training scenarios involving different levels of suspect resistance. The study investigates whether and to wh...

Introduction In the UK, VV ECMO is only commissioned [1] for specific patients the list of perceived contra-indications is long which prevents some patients having access to this rescue technique. Recognising this, the National Peer Review Programme stated that there may be cases “who might benefit from ECMO support who also require superspecialist services” these may lack equity of access to c...

The results of a study of professionally important qualities for police officers are stated. Based on these results the algorithm for forming of an individual psychological profile of police officers is created. The new system of factors, reflecting professionally important individual psychological characteristics of police officers, are marked out.

At IJCAI-95, Randall Davis assumed the office of president of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI). Davis is a professor of electrical engineering and computer science and associate director of the AI Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Davis succeeds Barbara Grosz, Gordon McKay professor of computer science in the Division of Applied Sciences at Harva...

A weekly clinic was held for one year in a London probation office with 41 probation officers. Only 23 cases were referred but the clinic was found to be a valuable forum for discussion of problems with the officers, 10 per cent of whose clients were estimated to be receiving psychiatric treatment elsewhere. Suggestions are made to improve collaboration between psychiatrists and probation offic...

OBJECTIVE To review the effectiveness and safety of clinical officers (healthcare providers trained to perform tasks usually undertaken by doctors) carrying out caesarean section in developing countries compared with doctors. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, BioMed Central, the Reproductive Hea...