Recently, we found that sphingomyelin bound and activated hepatitis C virus (HCV) 1b RNA polymerase (RdRp), thereby recruiting the HCV replication complex into lipid raft structures. Detergents are commonly used for resolving lipids and purifying proteins, including HCV RdRp. Here, we tested the effect of detergents on HCV RdRp activity in vitro and found that non-ionic (Triton X-100, NP-40, Tw...

Solubilization of the human erythrocyte membrane by seven detergents is described. Components released into the supernatant or retained in the residue were identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Two non-ionic detergents exhibiting little u.v. absorption were more efficient than u.v.-absorbing Triton X-100. Evidence is presented of an interchange between protei...

SUMMARY The distribution of deoxythymidine kinase activity has been reexamined in rat and human intestinal mucosa separated by a planing technique into cells in different stages of differentiation. When epithelial cells leave the crypts, a decrease in kinase activity was observed in both resuspended pellet and supernatant fractions. Commercial preparations of phospholipase C added to the assay ...

9' be favourable compared with that of natural fats, and would almost certainly approach that of fatty acids from petroleum which presumably do not offer an attractive commercial proposition, since no company has yet undertaken the process. I would suggest that synthetic detergents will command a share of the detergent market which will depend on their efficiency and price. To that extent they ...

Membrane proteins, particularly G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are notoriously difficult to express. Using commercial E. coli cell-free systems with the detergent Brij-35, we could rapidly produce milligram quantities of 13 unique GPCRs. Immunoaffinity purification yielded receptors at >90% purity. Secondary structure analysis using circular dichroism indicated that the purified receptors...

The purpose of this research was to determine the optimum conditions of pH, temperature and agitation rate for the biodegradation of lipids and detergent by Bacillus cereus N-09. A response surface method was used to analysis the data. The materials used in this research was the waste created by boiling instant noodles as a reference on the packaging and then diluted ten times and added a comme...

Surfactants are a diverse group of chemicals that are best known for their wide use in detergents and other cleaning products. After use, residual surfactants are discharged into sewage systems or directly into surface waters, and most of them end up dispersed in different environmental compartments such as soil, water or sediment. The toxic effects of surfactants on various aquatic organisms a...

Santowhite, a commercial antioxidant used in the manufacture of polypropylene, contaminates 12-ml polyallomer tubes to the extent of 0.2-0.3 mg/tube. It is distributed through the plastic and appears as a microscopic dust on the tubes' surfaces. In the preparation of polysomes from rat liver by standard methods, approximately 15% of the antioxidant in previously water-washed tubes was removed b...

An extremely haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrinema sp. SSBJUP-1 showing potent amylolytic and proteolytic activities was isolated from the saline alkaline Lonar Lake, India. Amylase and protease were active over the neutral to alkaline pH range from 6 to 9. Amylase was more stable over a narrower temperature range of 40-60C than the protease but had the higher optimum (55C) for activity. By contr...

α-Amylase from Anoxybacillus thermarum A4 was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography, with 29.8-fold purification and 74.6% yield. A4 amylase showed best performance for soluble potato starch hydrolysis at 70 °C and pH 5.5-10.5. A4 amylase was extremely stable at +4 °C, and the enzyme retained over 65% of its original α-amylase activity a...