Honey bees use propolis to defend against invaders and disease organisms. As some colonies produce much more propolis than others, we investigated whether propolis collecting is associated with disease resistance traits, including hygienic behavior and resistance to the parasitic bee mite, Varroa destructor. The three highest (HP) and three lowest propolis-producing (LP) colonies among 36 Afric...

Lymphocytes isolated from normal human peripheral blood can be induced to form colonies in vitro by incubation with the appropriate inducer. Phytohemagglutinin can induce colonies with T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes. Optimun colony formation with about two colonies per 10(2) peripheral blood lymphocytes was obtained by adding, in addition to phytohemagglutinin, autologous plasma, autoologous re...

This study examines how the spatial distribution of nests is related to the behavioral interactions of conspecific neighbors in a population of the seed-eating ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus. Colonies live for 15-20 yr, reaching reproductive age and a stable size at =:5 yr. Spatial distributions were measured for 6 yr (1988-1993) in a population of -::250 colonies of known age. The probability that...

Buoyancy of Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel (Prymnesiophyceae) colonies was investigated by measuring the vertical distribution of colonies in quiescent water where convection had been removed. Over 60% of the colonies exhibited negative buoyancy regardless of light condition or growth phase. Positively and neutrally buoyant colonies lost their buoyancy in the dark, but regained buoyancy upon ret...

Microorganisms often form complex multicellular assemblies such as biofilms and colonies. Understanding the interplay between assembly expansion, metabolic yield, and nutrient diffusion within a freely growing colony remains a challenge. Most available data on microorganisms are from planktonic cultures, due to the lack of experimental tools to control the growth of multicellular assemblies. He...

We continue the investigation of P colonies introduced in [7], a class of abstract computing devices composed of independent agents, acting and evolving in a shared environment. We determine the generative power of P colonies with one resp. two objects inside each agent owing some special restrictions to the number of agents and type of programs. I{eywords: P colony, membrane systems, generativ...

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Observations of colonial growth of Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, BJ, on soft-agar (1% agar) plates revealed the presence of both surface and subsurface colonies. The organisms from both types of colonies appeared to be similar in motility, morphology, antigenic composition, and pathogenicity. Passage in vivo tended to produce a higher incidence of surface colonies, whereas passage in v...

1 Institute of Computer Science Faculty of Philosophy and Science Silesian University in Opava Bezručovo nám. 13, 74601 Opava, Czech Republic {lucie.ciencialova, alica.kelemenova}@fpf.slu.cz 2 Computer and Automation Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences Kende utca 13-17, 1111 Budapest, Hungary {csuhaj, vaszil}@sztaki.hu 3 Department of Algorithms and Their Applications Faculty of In...