The work of Julius Sachs (10) published in 1860, and in particular his discussion of the results, served to introduce two concepts into plant physiology, that of minimal, optimal, and maximal temperatures, and that of the grand period of seedling growth. Each of these phenomena has received the attention of numerous workers since that time but there have been relatively few attempts to combine ...

The most important development period in cereal plants is the initial stage, that is, seed germination and early seedling development. Even if barley thought to be a partially salt-tolerant plant, it may severely affected when exposed salinity at developmental periods. Pre-treatment preparation of seeds before sowing have an agriculture. Nano-seed priming treatment new approach used increase ge...

Using monoclonal antibodies to the plant photoreceptor, phytochrome, we have investigated by immunogold electron microscopy the rapid, red light-induced, intracellular redistribution (termed "sequestering") of phytochrome in dark-grown Avena coleoptiles. Pre-embedding immunolabeling of 5-micron-thick cryosections reveals that sequestered phytochrome is associated with numerous, discrete structu...

Fusarium head blight (FHB; scab) caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease of wheat and barley around the world. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grain with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) which are a major health concern for humans and animals. The objective of this research was to develop an easy seed or seedling inoculation assay, an...

We have isolated, cloned, and characterized two cDNAs from Zea mays (L.), denoted yptm1 and yptm2, encoding proteins related to the ypt protein family. Amino acid similarity scores with YPT1 from yeast and ypt from mouse are in the range of 70% for yptm1 and 74% for yptm2, respectively, whereas similarities with p21 ras and other ras-related proteins are less than 40%. Most amino acid residues ...

Photoor gravitropic stimulation of graminean coleoptiles involves the formation of putative tropistic transverse polarities. It had been postulated that these polarities can be extended by stabilization to developmentally active polarities. Such polarities are known from unicellular spores and zygotes of lower plants and regeneration experiments in dicotyledonous plants. In coleoptiles, photoor...

Naphthalic anhydride is a seed-applied herbicide safener which reduces the toxicity of ima­ zethapyr, an imidazolinone herbicide, to maize (Zea mays L.). Protection of maize from ima­ zethapyr was dependent on the amount of naphthalic anhydride applied to the seed. M etabo­ lism of imazethapyr by maize roots and shoots was increased by exposure of the roots to a solution containing naphthalic a...