Hypoglycaemia can lead to acute disorders of cognition, consciousness, epilepsy, transient ischemia, psychosis and chronic disorders of dementia and neuropathy. Misdiagnosis and delay in treatment are common and prolonged hypoglycemia can lead to permanent neurological deficit or fatal coma. Hypoglycemia caused by an insulinoma is a readily treatable condition that should be considered in the d...

In spite of the remarkable progress made in the burgeoning field of social neuroscience, the neural mechanisms that underlie social encounters are only beginning to be studied and could - paradoxically - be seen as representing the "dark matter" of social neuroscience. Recent conceptual and empirical developments consistently indicate the need for investigations that allow the study of real-tim...

Memory-related disorders are a common public health issue. Memory impairment is frequent in degenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson disease), cerebral injuries, and schizophrenia. The dried stigma of the plant Crocus sativus L. (C. sativus), commonly known as saffron, is used in folk medicine for various purposes. Several lines of evidence suggest that C. sativus and it...

and developmental disorders such as autism involve disruption of executive function (in ways that may distinguish one group from another). Finally, it is known that prefrontal cortex matures relatively slowly, with some parts continuing to develop through adolescence and into adulthood. The consequences of this for fields such as education are only just beginning to be explored. Thus new develo...

A few years ago (while researching embodied cognition) I focused for some time on disorders of experience, which affect representation or beliefs regarding one’s own body. One of the most fascinating and dramatic disorders was somatoparaphrenia (sometimes also astomatognosia) (Feinberg 2002). This disorder is when the patient believes that, for example, his hand is his aunt’s or wife’s hand. Or...

White matter is the brain region underlying the gray matter cortex, composed of neuronal fibers coated with electrical insulation called myelin. Previously of interest in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, myelin is attracting new interest as an unexpected contributor to a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including depression and schizophrenia. This is stimulating research i...

Twin and family studies have demonstrated that most cognitive traits are moderately to highly heritable. Neurodevelopmental disorders such as dyslexia, autism, and specific language impairment (SLI) also show strong genetic influence. Nevertheless, it has proved difficult for researchers to identify genes that would explain substantial amounts of variance in cognitive traits or disorders. Altho...

Psychiatry is the branch of medicine that deals with diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders related to behaviour, cognition, mood, perceptions, etc. Journal of Psychiatry is an open access peer reviewed international journal that provides a platform for the Researchers of Psychiatry discipline to publish innovative ideas in Psychiatry and outcomes of their research in all the ...

BACKGROUND Hypertensive pregnancy disorders have been associated with subjective cognitive complaints or brain white-matter lesions 5 to 10 years after the hypertensive pregnancy. The long-term effects of hypertensive pregnancies on brain structure and cognitive function remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 1279 women who participated in the Family Blood Pressure Project Ge...