An analytical treatment of the nonlinear kinetic equations for fast relaxation of coexisting short and lengthy micelles in surfactant solutions is presented. The kinetic equations can be written as a hierarchical set of differential equations for the moments of the aggregation number distribution function of micelles. It is shown that the moment equations can be successively integrated. As exam...

Abiotic nitrogen reduction (ANR) in hydrothermal systems has been long considered as the most likely mechanism to transform N2, the dominant N species on the pre-life Earth’s surface, into NH4+, an essential compound for abiotic synthesis of large organic molecules facilitating the emergence of life in the early oceans [1]. Mineral-induced ANR process has been demonstrated by laboratory experim...

Fractional crystallization of peraluminous Fand H2O-rich granite magmas progressively enriches the remaining melt with volatiles. We show that, at saturation, the melt may separate into two immiscible conjugate melt fractions, one of the fractions shows increasing peraluminosity and the other increasing peralkalinity. These melt fractions also fractionate the incompatible elements to significan...

Mafic enclaves from three plutons in the Chilliwack batholith have been compared with contemporaneous mafic stocks in order to determine (1) the processes by which mafic and felsic magmas hybridize in the plutonic environment and (2) whether analysis of early-formed enclave minerals, particularly apatite, can provide a means of seeing through hybridization effects and deciphering the original t...

A new method for the determination of trace copper(II) in food samples by Cloud Point Extraction(CPE) combined with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(FAAS) is presented and evaluated. The method is based on the fact that hydrophobic complex of copper(II) with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) was formed at pH 6.0 and subsequently the hydrophobic complex was extracted into surfactant-rich ...

Cesium adsorption/desorption experiments for various clay minerals, considering actual contamination conditions in Fukushima, were conducted using the (137)Cs radioisotope and an autoradiography using imaging plates (IPs). A 50 μl solution containing 0.185 ~ 1.85 Bq of (137)Cs (10(-11) ~ 10(-9 )molL(-1) of (137)Cs) was dropped onto a substrate where various mineral particles were arranged. It w...

A naked-eye paper sensor for rapid determination of trace mercury ion in water samples was designed and demonstrated. The mercury-sensing rhodamine B thiolactone was immobilized in silica matrices and the silica matrices were impregnated firmly and uniformly in the filter paper. As water samples flow through the filter paper, the membrane color will change from white to purple red, which could ...

PURPOSE Some scientific studies show decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture frequency in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The mechanism for early bone loss in CF patients are multifactorial: chronic pulmonary inflammation, malnutrition, reduced physical activity, delayed pubertal maturation. The aim of this study was to assess bone metabolism markers with special attenti...

Background Allergic rhinitis and asthma as single entities affect more boys than girls in childhood but more females in adulthood. However, it is unclear if this prevalence sex-shift also occurs in allergic rhinitis and concurrent asthma. Thus, our aim was to compare sex-specific differences in the prevalence of coexisting allergic rhinitis and asthma in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. ...

OBJECTIVE There are also few studies demonstrating the relationship between ossification of nuchal ligament (ONL) and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). We compared the prevalence, location, and type of OPLL between patients with ONL and matched patients without ONL.We also compared the bone mineral densities (BMDs) between the 2 groups. METHODS total of 124 cervical ONL ...