This paper discusses the effect of adding reduced erbium-doped ceria nanoparticles (REDC NPs) as a coating on silicon solar cells. Reduced ceria nanoparticles doped with erbium have the advantages of both improving conductivity and optical conversion of solar cells. Oxygen vacancies in ceria nanoparticles reduce Ce4+ to Ce3+ which follow the rule of improving conductivity of solar cells through...

BACKGROUND The cytosol of amoeba cells controls the membrane deformation during their motion in vivo. To investigate such ability of the cytosol of amoeba cell, Dictyostelium discoideum (Dictyostelium), in vitro, we used lipids extracted from Dictyostelium and commercially available phospholipids, and prepared substrate-supported lipid membrane patches on the micrometer scale by spin coating. ...

1. Holey Silicon fabrication The HS ribbons used for transport measurements are patterned by optical lithography and then released from SOI substrate (Soitec Inc.) by hydrofluoric acid vapor etching. The SOI wafer consists 100 nm device layer (<100>, 14-22 Ω·cm, phosphorus doped) with 200 nm buried oxide layer. Holey structure is fabricated by DRIE through thin chromium mask (~5 nm) converted f...

The laser damage resistance of the coatings for high-power laser systems depends greatly on the surface quality of the substrate. In our work, experimental approaches were employed to understand the interface coupling effect of the substrate surface and coatings on the laser resistance of the coatings. A 1064 nm anti-reflection (AR) coating was deposited by an e-beam coater onto fused silica wi...

Mikro ve nano yapılı optoelektronik malzeme endüstrisinin temelini oluşturan, teknolojik bilimsel araştırmalarda önemli bir yer tutan ince filmler, son zamanlarda en çok çalışılan güncel araştırma konulardan biridir. Yarıiletken özelliğe sahip metal oksitlerin üretiminde yıllarda hızlı gelişim sergilenmesi rağmen günümüzde filmler büyük ölçekli üretim için pek de uygun olmayan döndürerek kaplam...

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) based water-soluble packaging with intentional disposal into wastewater provides great convenience for both households and industry. In this paper, we demonstrate CO2 evolution testing that only insignificant fractions (~2%) of PVOH biodegrade in within 33 days. To avoid unintentional environmental build-up the accompanying consequences to marine life, alternative mat...

The purpose of this research was to collect efficacy data on biological, biochemical, and chemical fungicide seed treatments hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) mitigate damping-off enhance field stand establishment. Seed were evaluated in fields New York (NY), North Dakota (ND), Virginia (VA) at two planting dates each state 2020. A single lot a dual-purpose (fiber + grain) cultivar (‘Anka’) treated usi...

The rise in global population, urbanization, and desertification pushes the farming community toward intensive cropping to meet augmented food demands with consequent exhaustion of soil’s nutritional status fertility. In recent times, environmental pollution cost crop production have been enhanced due excessive inefficient use nitrogenous fertilizers. As an abatement strategy, seven different c...

protein memories are novel technologies which use the hidden abilities of bacteria proteins and biological molecules in order to the electronic processes. four decades before baceriorhdopsin ( br) protein was extracted from the membrane of halobacerinum salina rum found in high salt water depositions after its original discovery in 1967. in this study, for immobilizing the protein a film has be...