Insurance was widely recognized as a useful tool for risk management in regional economic growth. Lots of analysis focused on building a fixed functional relationship between insurance development and economic growth. However, the effects of this mechanism varied widely across countries. And there was a clear gap in the understanding of how this mechanism works in coastal areas, the forward pos...

This paper presents results of a coastal decision making system that utilizes the following tools: Internet, wireless technology, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The developed system consists of an on-site mobile spatial subsystem, a coastal structure permitting subsystem, and a web-based shoreline erosion awareness subsystem. The system is being tested and developed for applications ...

At 0058 GMT on 26 December 2004, a massive earthquake of magnitude 9.0 struck the coastal area off northern Sumatra in Indonesia. A number of after shocks also occurred, some of magnitude 7.1. These earthquakes triggered tsunamis that affected Indonesia and neighbouring countries in Asia (including India, Malaysia, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Thailand) and the east coasts of Africa (including Soma...

introduction coastal sand dunes are  important morphological forms in caspian coastal regions. these dunes are formed and developed under the influence of sediment influx, climate, impact of wind, waves, currents. these are parallel to the coastal characterisitics with enough space for expansion. the whole collection of these parameters are available in many coastal areas of the caspian sea , b...