This study examined the supercritical fluid extraction of wheat germ oil. The effects of pressure (200-300 bar at 40 degrees C) and extraction time on the oil quality/quantity were studied. A comparison was also made between the relative qualities of material obtained by SFE and by organic solvent extraction. The extracts were analyzed for alpha-tocopherol and polyunsaturated fatty acid content...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of solvent and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with supercritical fluid extraction on antioxidant activity of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit skin extract in stability of soybean oil at 25°C. Oxidative stability alterations of soybean oils containing 400 (SEA) and 1000 ppm (SEB) of ethanol extract, 400 (SSA) and 1000 ppm (SSB) of...

Determination of residual natural waxes and processing lubricants on yarns and fabrics has traditionally been accomplished by Soxhlet extraction with an organic solvent. A variety of concerns about these solvents has driven a search for alternative methods. Hydrocarbon solvents; e.g., petroleum ether, are flammable and the manufacture of chlorofluorocarbon solvents was phased out in 1996 as a r...

Rice bran oil extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction (RB-SCE) reportedly exhibits pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and in vivo hair growth-inducing effects. Such activities raise the possibility of the development of novel hair growth-inducing agents using RB-SCE. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential genotoxic effects of RB-SCE in three short-term mutagenicity...

A fibrous cellulose powder (CF-1) was investigated as a drying agent for supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), also known as accelerated solvent extraction. Analysis of fifty-eight diverse pesticides was performed using gas chromatography-ion-trap mass spectrometric detection (GC-ITD). Extraction efficiencies were correlated versus pesticide polarity with...

The identification of atmospheric CO2 observation data which are minimally influenced by very local emissions/removals is essential for trend analysis, for the estimation of regional sources and sinks, and for the modeling of long-range transport of CO2. In this study, four approaches are used to filter the atmospheric CO2 observation records from 2009 to 2011 at one World Meteorological Organi...

The Oil & Gas Journal, in 2004, states that CO2 flooding is the fastest-growing enhanced oil recovery technique in USA, and production derived from CO2 projects has more than tripled from 50,000-Barrels/day to 200,000-Barrels/day. Cyclic injection of CO2 and N2 combines environmental benefits attendant to reducing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere and economic benefits realized through impro...

Phase diagrams of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and their mixtures with different amounts of nitrogen (e.g. 5 mol%, 10 mol% N2) were calculated with high accuracy with the NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties database program REFPROP® for up to 200 bar, as well as density-pressure diagrams. Beside the use of carbon dioxide as a solvent for supercritical fluid extraction, incre...

This article provides an overview of the effects of land-use on the fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and from peatlands in the Nordic countries based on the field data from about 100 studies. In addition, this review aims to identify the gaps in the present knowledge on the greenhouse gas (GHG) balances associated with the land-use of these northern ecosyste...

An environmentally friendly decontamination process for uranium-contaminated soil sand is proposed. The process uses supercritical CO2 as the cleaning solvent and a TBP–HNO3 complex as the reagent. Four types of samples (sea sand and coarse, medium, and fine soil sand) were artificially contaminated with uranium. The effects of the amount of the reagent, sand type, and elapsed time after the pr...