Using the most recent data on health spending published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), we explore reasons why U.S. health spending towers over that of other countries with much older populations. Prominent among the reasons are higher U.S. per capita gross domestic product (GDP) as well as a highly complex and fragmented payment system that weakens the dema...

From previous work on the Circinus galaxy we postulated that ≈ 50% of the molecular gas in this type 2 Seyfert nucleus is distributed in a sub-kiloparsec circumnuclear ring, probably associated with the ongoing star-burst. In addition to this, we postulated the possible presence of a molecular outflow along the galaxy's minor axis. In this work we use a modified version of the routine used prev...

High-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) and low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) in poultry are notifiable diseases that must be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). There are variations between countries' responses to avian influenza (AI) outbreak situations based on their economic status, diagnostic capacity and other factors. The objective of this stu...

s in other industrialized countries, the health care sector is an important element of the Netherlands’ economy. As a share of gross domestic product (GDP), national health expenditures in the Netherlands rose from 6 percent in 1970 to 8.2 percent in 1980 (23). The growth rate slowed in the 1980s; by 1991, national health expenditures accounted for only a slightly higher share of GDP at 8.3 per...

A new bimetallic nanocomposite of chitosan was prepared. Pd and Co nanoparticles were deposited on chitosan to produce a new heterogeneous recyclable catalyst for use in the bimetallic catalytic reduction reaction. The catalyst was characterized with common analysis methods for nanocomposites including Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction pattern, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis...

Nine different bis(arylimino)pyridine complexes of Fe(III) with different halide substituents (F, Cl, Br, I) at different positions of the iminophenyl group of the ligand have been synthesized, characterized and applied for homogeneous 1-pentene and 1-hexene oligomerization and co-oligomerization reactions after activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO). The best activity in 1-hexene oligomerizat...

In supply chain co-opetition, firms simultaneously compete and co-operate in order to maximize their profits. We consider the nature of co-opetition between two firms: The product supplier invests in the technology to improve quality, and the purchasing firm (buyer) invests in selling effort to develop the market for the product before uncertainty in demand is resolved. We consider three differ...