Data aggregation protocols are implemented in resource constrained wireless sensor networks to eliminate redundant data transmission for improving bandwidth utilization and energyefficiency of sensor nodes. This paper presents a secure differential data aggregation (SDDA) protocol for wireless cluster-based sensor networks. SDDA prevents redundant data transmission from sensor nodes to cluster-...

Wireless Sensor Networks are used in monitoring environment condition, safety and medical applications. The sensor nodes are usually randomly deployed in a specific region. All these sensor nodes collect their data and send it to the base station (BS) through some routing protocol. These nodes are not rechargeable nodes to keep them alive. These nodes may serve as long as possible without any e...

A new energy aware routing protocol to optimize energy consumption and prolong network lifetime for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) had been proposed in this paper. Cluster based routing techniques like the conventional Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) are used to achieve scalable solutions and extend the network lifetime until the last node dies. Improved Energy Efficient LEACH...

Over the past few years, great importance has been given to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) as they play a significant role in facilitating world with daily life services like healthcare, military, social products, etc. However, heterogeneous nature of WSNs makes them prone various attacks, which results low throughput, and high network delay energy consumption. In WSNs, routing is performed us...

The I locus is a 27-kb inverted repeat cluster of chalcone synthase genes CHS1-3-4 that mediates siRNA down-regulation of CHS7 and CHS8 target mRNAs during seed development leading to yellow seed coats lacking anthocyanin pigments. Here, we report small RNA sequencing of ten stages of seed development from a few days post fertilization through maturity, revealing the amplification from primary ...

In cluster-based routing protocol (CBRP), two-level hierarchical structure is successfully used to reduce over-flooding in wireless ad hoc networks. As it is vulnerable to a single point of failure , we propose a new adaptive distributed threshold scheme to replace the cluster head by a group of cluster heads within each cluster, called COUNCIL, and distribute the service of single cluster head...

Index-Modulation (IM) has been recently emerged as a promising direction towards improving error performance and spectral efficiency in wireless networks. To this end, IM-based Wireless Sensor Networks (IM-WSN) applied decision gathering scheme clustered Networks, by which significant improvement the rate (DER) is achieved. Later, following same IM principle, efficient IM-WSN (EIM-WSN) introduc...

Wireless sensor networks are comprised of geographically distributed sensors that collect and convey time-critical information without human intervention, making them particularly useful for military applications; however, network performance may be limited by the typically small energy supplies of the sensors. One strategy for dealing with limited energy storage in such networks is to allow se...

Clustering is a technique that can effectively reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes. In self-organizing clustering strategies, sensors elect themselves to be cluster-heads independently. This cannot guarantee the even distribution of cluster-heads over the entire sensor-network field or even the election of an optimal percentage of cluster-heads. We proposed Two-Tier Clustering in [1] ...

One of the most vital activities to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is clustering. In clustering, one node from a group of nodes is selected to be a cluster head, which handles majority of the computation and processing for the nodes in the cluster. This paper proposes an algorithm for fuzzy based dynamic cluster head selection on cloud in wireless sensor networks. The pro...