INTRODUCTION Nearly a century ago, before the scientific technology that could make it a widespread practice began to emerge, the word clone came into English parlance. 1 In its simplest form, cloning refers to any process that produces genetically identical organisms. 2 Scientists and science fiction writers have long been captivated by the potential cloning holds for reengineering society.3 B...

Code cloning is the practice of duplicating existing source code for use elsewhere within a software system. Within the research community, conventional wisdom has asserted that code cloning is generally a bad practice, and that code clones should be removed or refactored where possible. While there is significant anecdotal evidence that code cloning can lead to a variety of maintenance headach...

We show that, there are physical means for cloning two non-orthogonal pure states which are secretly chosen from a certain set $ = {|Ψ0〉 , |Ψ1〉}. The states are cloned through a unitary evolution together with a measurement. The cloning efficiency can not attain 100%. With some negative measurement results, the cloning fails. PACS numbers: 03.65.Bz, 89.70.+c, 02.50.-v ∗E-mail: [email protected]...

background: leishmaniasis represents a major public health concern in tropical and sub-tropical countries. at present, there is no efficacious vaccine against the disease and new control methods are needed. one way to access this important goal is to knock out genes of specific macromolecules to evaluate the effect of deletion on the growth, multiplication, pathogenesis and immunity of the para...

knowing the nucleotide sequence of the cholera toxin operon, we designed oligonucleotide primers for its-pcr amplification from local clinical isolates of v. cholerae. the resulting amplification product was cloned in a common puc18 vector. subsequently, a part of this operon encoding the cholera toxin bsubunit (ctb) was reamplified and cloned between the bamh1 and ecor1 sites of the same vecto...

conclusions the results of this study demonstrated that the p450 cyp141 gene was successfully cloned into a pet26b plasmid vector as an expression vector. in this paper, for the first time in iran, this gene was cloned for more purposes, including the expression and purification of the recombinant cytochrome p450 cyp141 protein. results the cloning of p450 cyp141 gene was confirmed by the enzym...

background: angiogenesis is an important process in various physiologic and pathologic states. the most significant stimulator of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). in contrast, vasohibin1 acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor which specifically inhibits new vessels formation. the aim of the present study was cloning and expression of vasohibin1 gene in e. coli as well as pu...

protease 2a (2apro) of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) plays a major role in viral replication. in case of infection, viral proteins are being synthesized from viral mrna using host biosynthesis machinery. 2apro of virus, after being synthesized, exhibits two critical functions, cleavage of viral proteins and breaking eukaryotic initiation factor 4g. the enzyme plays an essential role in viral replica...