PURPOSE To analyze the prognostic factors for mental retardation in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 35 in-patients with TSC in a medical center and analyzed the clinical features. 19 of 32 patients (59.4%) fulfilled the classical diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. According to the diagnostic criteria of Roach et al., 30 patients had definite T...

Repeated activation of neural pathways by kindling induces brief seizures, permanent increases in seizure susceptibility, neuronal loss in the hippocampus, and mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus. Because kindling induces permanent cellular alterations in hippocampal pathways that have been implicated in memory, it was of interest to determine if kindling also induces long-lasting impair...

We describe herein a patient with Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) showing an atypical course. The patient initially had seizures typical of this syndrome from 3 to 5 years of age. EEG showed right occipital high-amplitude sharp and slow-wave complexes followed by brief generalized discharges of slow waves. Sequential EEGs obtained from 5 to 11 years of age showed both multifocal discharges and ge...

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of agmatine (an endogenous neuromodulator/neurotransmitter in the brain) on the protective action of numerous classical and second-generation antiepileptic drugs (clonazepam, ethosuximide, gabapentin, phenobarbital, tiagabine, vigabatrin, and valproate) in the mouse pentetrazole-induced clonic seizure model. The results indicate that agmatine (u...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa epilepsy is more common in patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) than in the general population, occurring in 2%–3% of patients. convulsions may be either tonic–clonic in nature or partial complex. in these individuals, seizures most likely result from lesions present in the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. a jacksonian seizure is a typ...

INTRODUCTION Regarding chronic nature of epilepsy and its side effects and to access the effective treatment procedures, herbal medicine has received remarkable interest. The aim of this study was to determine the anticonvulsant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Anethum graveolens seed on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) -induced seizure in male mice. METHODS Fifty-six albino male mice were divide...

Eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) are two separate epileptic syndromes included in the new classification of epilepsies and epileptic syndromes by ILAE in 2001. Both are idiopathic generalized epilepsies with their clinical onset in the first two decades. EMA is characterized by eyelid myoclonia associated with absences and photosensitivity. Self-induced...

Cavernomas account for 9 to 16% of cerebrovascular malformations with a prevalence 0.5% in the general population. We report case large frontal cavernoma mimicking tumor and revealed by epileptic seizures. 40-year-old man, without any particular history, received consultation tonic-clonic generalized convulsive seizures evolving 5 years normal clinical examination on admission. Cerebral CT scan...