Here we present draft-quality genome sequence assemblies for the oomycete Phytophthora ramorum genetic lineage EU2. We sequenced genomes of seven isolates collected in Northern Ireland between 2010 and 2012. Multiple genome sequences from P. ramorum EU2 will be valuable for identifying genetic variation within the clonal lineage that can be useful for tracking its spread.

Effective population size ( Ne ) influences the degree to which random genetic drift changes allele frequencies, increases inbreeding, and decreases genetic diversity, and thus is a parameter of direct relevance to the conservation of rare species. Few empirical data are available, however, concerning the effects of clonal structure on Ne in plant species reproducing both sexually and asexually...

Genes homologous to avrBs3 of Xanthomonas were detected in 309 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum biovars 3, 4, and 5 but not biovar 1 or 2. A statistically significant association between the originating plant species and internal repeats of the gene was found. Sequences of repeats and variation between nearly clonal strains revealed evidence of frequent recombination.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The successful spread of invasive plants in new environments is often linked to multiple introductions and a diverse gene pool that facilitates local adaptation to variable environmental conditions. For clonal plants, however, phenotypic plasticity may be equally important. Here the primary adaptive strategy in three non-native, clonally reproducing macrophytes (Egeria densa...

Abstract In this study, the hemolymph vascular system (HVS) in two cambarid crayfishes, i.e. Marbled Crayfish, Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017 and Spiny Cheek Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817), is investigated regard of areas non-genetic phenotypic variation. Despite their genetic identity, specimens P. show variability certain features HVS. Thus, we describe varying branching patterns, spo...

The variation in flowering abundance was studied in a Norway spruce seed orchard, located in southern Finland (62°13'N, 25°24'E), consisting of 67 clones from northern Finland (64°–67°N). The flowering variation in 1984–1996 was studied at the annual, clonal and graft level. In addition, the genetic diversity of an imaginary seed crop was estimated using a concept of status number. The between-...