Following invasion of human red blood cells (RBCs) by the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, a remarkable process of remodeling occurs in the host cell mediated by trafficking of several hundred effector proteins to the RBC compartment. The exported virulence protein, P falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1), is responsible for cytoadherence of infected cells to host endotheli...

The pharyngeal arches form the face and neck of the developing embryo. The pharyngeal tissue is divided into distinct arches by the formation of clefts and pouches in between the arches. These clefts and pouches form at the juxtaposition between the ectoderm and endoderm and develop into a variety of essential structures, such as the ear drum, and glands such as the thymus and parathyroids. How...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of orofacial clefts in live newborns from 1998 to 2002 in Brazilian state capitals and correlate their occurrence with a number of relevant socioeconomic factors collected in the 2000 census. Data was obtained from the Public Health Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS), Information System of Live Hospital Births (SINASC) and Atlases of Hu...

Data from the Glasgow Register of Congenital Malformations were used to investigate the epidemiology of congenital facial clefts over the period 1974-85. Facial clefts were registered in 247 infants representing a prevalence of 1.56 per 1000 total births. Cleft palate was more common than cleft lip, with cleft lip and palate occupying an intermediate position. More than half of the infants with...

AIMS To identify prevalence of delayed detection of cleft palate, and associated factors that could lead to improved identification at neonatal clinical examination. METHODS Audit of hospital notes, parental questionnaire incorporating open ended questions, and telephone questionnaire of junior doctors in the referring hospitals incorporating fixed choice questions. RESULTS Of 344 cleft pal...

HE character “harelip and cleft palate” is definitely inherited T (REED and SNELL, 1931). Though there are various degrees of expression of harelip and cleft palate, the general condition, regardless of the types of clefts, will henceforth be designated simply as “harelip.” Harelip is not inherited as a simple dominant or a simple recessive but seems to depend upon either one recessive gene wit...

The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of nonsyndromic oral clefts in children receiving treatment at the Center for the Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, José do Rosário Vellano University, Alfenas, MG, Brazil. All the data for the epidemiological study was retrieved from the files of 126 pediatric patients with oral clefts without any additional malformation, who c...

Schmidt-Lanterman clefts in frog sciatic nerves have been studied in thin sections by electron microscopy utilizing permanganate fixation and araldite embedding. It is shown that they are shearing defects in myelin in which the lamellae are separated widely at the major dense lines. Each lamella consisting of two apposed Schwann cell unit membranes approximately 75 A across traverses the cleft ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the morphology of the hymen in adolescent girls who have and have not had sexual intercourse involving penile-vaginal penetration. SUBJECTS Female patients aged 13 to 19 years, recruited from an urban adolescent medicine practice. METHODS Subjects were interviewed in private after completing detailed questionnaires and then underwent a physical examination. External gen...

This study examined the postulate that training production of syntactically complex sentences results in generalization to less complex sentences that have processes in common with treated structures. Three agrammatic aphasic patients were trained to produce wh-movement structures, object clefts and/or object extracted who-questions, while generalization between these structures was tested. One...