Local scour around bridge piers and abutments is one of the most significant causes failure. Despite a plethora studies on individual or abutments, few have focused joint impact pier an abutment in proximity to another scour. This study conducted laboratory experiments flow analyses examine interaction their effect clear-water The were rectangular flume. They included 18 main tests (with combin...

The water table and its dynamics are one of the key variables that control peatland greenhouse gas exchange. Here, we tested applicability Optical TRApezoid Model (OPTRAM) to monitor temporal fluctuations in over intact, restored (previously forestry-drained), drained (under agriculture) northern peatlands Finland, Estonia, Sweden, Canada, USA. More specifically, studied potential limitations O...

The British synchrotron radiation source (SRS) at Daresbury, Cheshire was a pioneering achievement when it started work in 1981. It was the first accelerator ring to be built for the main purpose of harvesting the highly focused synchrotron radiation from electrons travelling round in circles at extremely high speeds. It became an invaluable facility for high-resolution X-ray crystallography an...

There is growing scientific evidence of climate change at the Earth’s poles but also increasing worries that most people, living in more temperate latitudes, are failing to grasp the significance of these events. And it is not just scientists that are worried by this perception gap: many artists are also concerned about the apparent failure to grab public attention over these issues. A new exhi...

T he importance of closed-chest compression in maintaining at least a minimum of myocardial blood flow during cardiac arrest has been increasingly recognized. The adverse effect of interruptions of chest compressions on coronary perfusion pressure is immediate and important; Berg et al showed a 40% decrease in cumulative coronary perfusion after a 13-second pause in chest compression. The 2010 ...