A popular approach to cost-sensitive learning is to rescale the classes according to their misclassification costs. Although this approach is effective in dealing with binary-class problems, recent studies show that it is often not so helpful when being applied to multiclass problems directly. This paper analyzes that why the traditional rescaling approach is often helpless on multi-class probl...

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to train a classification model while the number of classes increases phase-by-phase. An inherent challenge CIL is stability-plasticity tradeoff, i.e., models should keep stable retain old knowledge and plastic absorb new knowledge. However, none existing can achieve optimal tradeoff in different data-receiving settings—where typically training-from-half (T...

The objectives of this research are to describe how the students use their preferred learning styles and investigate students’ reasons for using in Post-Intermediate Speaking class. first finding showed that communicative concrete style was used by 17 students, 9 analytical 3 1 student. second who applied felt convenient being active-independent persons, matched with way they learn, liked learn...

introduction: self-directed learning is originated from adult education which has currently gained a special place in educational systems and is influenced by many variables such as teaching self-efficacy and self-directed learning. this research investigated the relationship of teachers’ teaching with academic self-efficacy and self-directed learning from english language students' perspective...

Recently the maximum margin criterion has been employed to learn a discriminative class hierarchical model, which shows promising performance for rapid multi-class prediction. Specifically, at each node of this hierarchy, a separating hyperplane is learned to split its associated classes from all of the corresponding training data, leading to a time-consuming training process in computer vision...

This research investigates the possibility of creating an intelligent system based on the philosophy that the world is ambiguous and a system gains knowledge by learning from these ambiguous examples where the learning can especially be improved when a system is allowed to play an active role in requesting these ambiguous examples. The above philosophy will bridge the gap between the traditiona...