the city is alive with dynamic systems, where parks and urban green spaces have high strategic importance which help to improve living conditions. urban parks are used as visual landscape with so many benefits such as reducing stress, reducing air pollution and producing oxygen, creating opportunities for people to participate in physical activities, optimal environment for children and decreas...

In human risk assessment, ingestion of soil is considered a major route of toxic Pb exposure. A large body of research has focussed on the measurement of the 'total' Pb contents in sediment, soil and dust as a measure for the exposure to lead. We report that Pb bioaccessibility (i.e. the maximum bioavailability), determined with an in vitro test, does not necessarily depend on the total Pb cont...

As a new mode of urban planning and construction under the guidance socialism with Chinese characteristics in era, park city provides direction for green, high-quality sustainable development cities. In order to achieve vision city, Hubei Province China issued China’s first local standard, “Guidelines Construction Park City”, 2019, putting forward indicators relevant requirements which covering...

<p>In 1973, in the midst of an economic downturn, New York City´s waterfront was envisioned as enterprise for urban renewal. This paper reflects on interplay among a set actors which key launching more open, accessible, diverse and thrilling city´s edge. The intersecting condition corporate capitalism, real estate, political interests talented design illustrates particularly instrumental ...

the main purpose of this study is to investigate the preferences of urban dwellers for variouselements of urban parks in order to provide some important suggestions for rehabilitation of urban deficient parks. inthis regard, this study has conducted a survey in one of the oldest parks in khorramabad, iran, to reveal the overallsatisfaction of the park situation and to explore the preferences of...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: This paper examines Latino migration to a " new destination " county in the southeastern U.S., Hall County, Georgia, where environmental equity is considered in terms of Latino communities' walking access to public and private parks in the county. Park access is considered an environmental equity or justice issue because some research shows less park acreage available to mino...

Studies on the effects of off-road driving on soils were conducted in the Makuleke Contractual Park of the Kruger National Park. The studies were conducted on three different soils with different textures and soil compactibilities. Traffic pressure was applied with a game drive vehicle loaded with 11 sand bags, each weighing 70 kg. This gave a total vehicle mass of 3,795 kg, simulating a vehicl...

Environmental pollution with toxic metals continues to be a serious global concern. Pollution of soils with toxic trace metals have increased considerably since the onset of industrialization and urbanization (Nriagu, 1990; Senwo and Tazisong, 2004). Trace metals, either derived from natural inputs or anthropogenic emissions, are ubiquitous in the global environment (Blackmore, 1998; Muohi et a...